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Legacy Documentation
Digital Image Processing
(2000)
This is documentation for an obsolete product.
Current products and services
User's Guide
Filter Design
9.5 Example: Nyquist Filter Design
Nyquist filters are odd-length linear-phase (
i.e.
,
Type 1) FIR filters whose coefficients satisfy
where
x
stands for the integer part of
x
,
N
is the filter length, and
k
is the decimation/interpolation order. The property that every
k
th impulse response sample is zero except for the central coefficient, makes these filters particularly suitable for the implementation of interpolators and decimators. The placement of the zero samples in the filter matches locations of the nonzero samples in the upsampled signal, which allows these samples to remain unchanged as a result of the interpolation operation. The ideal Nyquist filter of order
k
has a frequency response with a cutoff at
Hz.
This loads the package.
In[1]:=
Here is the impulse response of an ideal Nyquist filter of order k=2.
In[2]:=
Out[2]=
This defines the impulse response of the ideal half-band filter. First we clear any prior definitions of symbol
h
.
In[3]:=
The impulse response of an ideal half-band filter has the form of a sinc sequence.
In[4]:=
Here is a plot of the impulse response. Note the location of the zero-valued samples.
In[5]:=
Out[5]=
Nyquist filters are also known as
k
th
band filters. This terminology is made clear by an examination of the frequency response. The two-band filter has a passband width of
Hz, thus splitting the fundamental interval into two equal bands. It is thus also called a half-band filter. A
k
th band filter has a passband of width
Hz. Here is the magnitude spectrum of a half-band filter.
In[6]:=
Out[6]=
Nyquist filters may be easily obtained by using the window filter design method. The design calls for a lowpass filter with cutoff frequency given by
, where
k
is the interpolation/decimation order (see
Interpolate
). Specifically, here is a Nyquist filter with f
c
=0.25 (i.e., k=2) and length N=11.
In[7]:=
Out[7]=
Here we load one of the example images.
In[8]:=
We now use filter
q
to
decimate
the example image. Here are the original and decimated images shown at the same resolution.
In[9]:=
Out[9]=
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