--- title: "DateObject" language: "en" type: "Symbol" summary: "DateObject[] gives the current local date. DateObject[date] gives a date object corresponding to the given date specification. DateObject[rdate, gran] gives the date object of calendar granularity gran that includes the reference date rdate." keywords: - date - time - now - latest - earliest - most recent - least recent canonical_url: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateObject.html" source: "Wolfram Language Documentation" related_guides: - title: "Date & Time" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/DateAndTime.en.md" - title: "Time Series Processing" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/TimeSeries.en.md" - title: "Free-Form & External Input" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/FreeFormAndExternalInput.en.md" - title: "Weather Data" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/WeatherData.en.md" - title: "People & History" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/PeopleAndHistory.en.md" - title: "Financial Computation" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/Finance.en.md" - title: "Scientific Data Analysis" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/ScientificDataAnalysis.en.md" - title: "Database Connectivity" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/DatabaseConnectivity.en.md" - title: "WDF (Wolfram Data Framework)" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/WDFWolframDataFramework.en.md" - title: "Knowledge Representation & Access" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/KnowledgeRepresentationAndAccess.en.md" --- # DateObject DateObject[] gives the current local date. DateObject[date] gives a date object corresponding to the given date specification. DateObject[rdate, gran] gives the date object of calendar granularity gran that includes the reference date rdate. ## Details and Options * ``DateObject`` represents a location in the temporal axis represented numerically using a calendar, time zone and time system. [image] * ``DateObject`` can represent different resolutions by using day or month granularities, etc. [image] * In ``DateObject[date]``, the following date and time specifications can be given as ``date`` : | | | | ------------------ | --------------------------------------------- | | date | DateObject specification | | {y, m, d, h, m, s} | DateList specification | | time | AbsoluteTime specification | | "string" | DateString specification | | {"string", fmt} | date string formed from the specified format | * Values of ``m``, ``d``, ``h``, ``m``, ``s`` outside their normal ranges are appropriately reduced. Noninteger values of ``d``, ``h``, ``m``, and ``s`` can also be used. * In the form DateObject[{"string",{"Subscript[e, 1]","Subscript[e, 2]",\[Ellipsis]}}], the "Subscript[e, i]" can be any DateString element, such as "Year", "MonthName", "Hour", etc. * DateObject[{"string",{"Subscript[e, 1]","Subscript[e, 2]",\[Ellipsis]}}] uses the "Subscript[e, i]" to fill in elements of {y,m,d,h,m,s}. Those not filled in are taken to have default values {Subscript[y, c],1,1,0,0,0}, where Subscript[y, c] is the current year. * In DateObject[{"string",{"Subscript[e, 1]","Subscript[e, 2]",\[Ellipsis]}}], the "Subscript[e, i]" are extracted from "string" in the order given, and can be separated by any non-alphanumeric characters. * DateObject[{"string",{"Subscript[e, 1]","Subscript[sep, 12]","Subscript[e, 2]","Subscript[sep, 23]",\[Ellipsis]}}] extracts elements using the explicit separators specified. * ``DateObject[time]`` gives a date object corresponding to an ``AbsoluteTime`` specification. * For an ``image`` with Exif date time information, ``DateObject[image]`` returns that information as a standard ``DateObject`` expression. * ``DateObject[rdate, gran]`` represents a discrete calendar element of granularity ``gran`` for the reference date ``rdate``. For example, ``DateObject[{2017, 1, 16}, "Week"]`` represents the week beginning Monday, January 16, 2017. * ``DateObject[rdate, gran]`` will normalize to the canonical representation of the ``DateObject`` for that granularity. For example, ``DateObject[{2016}, "Decade"]`` will canonicalize to ``DateObject[{2010}, "Decade"]``. * In ``DateObject[rdate, gran]``, the calendar granularity ``gran`` can be any of the following: | | | | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | | "Millennium" | 1000-year period beginning with year XX00 | | "MillenniumBeginning01" | 1000-year period beginning with year XX01 | | "Century" | 100-year period beginning with year XX00 | | "CenturyBeginning01" | 100-year period beginning with year XX01 | | "Decade" | 10-year period including the date | | "Year" | year including the date | | "Quarter" | 3-month quarter including the date | | "Month" | month including the date | | "Week" | week beginning Monday including the date | | "WeekBeginningSunday" | week beginning Sunday including the date | | "Day" | day including the date | | "Hour" | hour including the date | | "Minute" | minute including the date | | "Second" | second including the date | | "Decisecond" | moment accurate to 0.1 seconds | | "Centisecond" | moment accurate to 0.01 seconds | | "Millisecond" | moment accurate to 0.001 seconds | | "Microsecond" | moment accurate to 10^-6 seconds | | "Nanosecond" | moment accurate to 10^-9 seconds | | "Instant" | the exact instant specified | * ``DateObject[rdate, n]`` where ``n`` is a non-negative ``Integer`` represents a date accurate to ``10^-n`` seconds (e.g. ``DateObject[rdate, 6]`` corresponds to ``10^-6`` seconds accuracy, the same as ``DateObject[rdate, "Microsecond"]``). * The maximum available value for ``n`` in ``DateObject[rdate, n]`` is 9. * ``DateObject[rdate, "MidpointInstant"]`` can be used to construct a ``DateObject`` with granularity ``"Instant"`` with a reference date at the mid-point of ``rdate``. * ``DateObject[list]`` is taken to represent a date with granularity as follows: | | | | ------------------------------ | --------- | | DateObject[{y}] | "Year" | | DateObject[{y, m}] | "Month" | | DateObject[{y, m, d}] | "Day" | | DateObject[{y, m, d, h}] | "Hour" | | DateObject[{y, m, d, h, m}] | "Minute" | | DateObject[{y, m, d, h, m, s}] | "Instant" | | DateObject[t] | "Instant" | * ``DateObject["string"]`` is taken to represent a date with granularity inferred from the information given in the string. * The following options can be given: | | | | | ---------------- | --------- | --------------------------------- | | CalendarType | Automatic | calendar system being used | | DateFormat | Automatic | format used to display date | | DateGranularity | Automatic | calendar granularity for the date | | TimeSystem | Automatic | time system being used | | TimeZone | Automatic | time zone being used | * Possible ``CalendarType`` specifications are: ``Automatic``, ``"Gregorian"`` and ``"Julian"``, with additional calendar types as given by ``CalendarData``. * The default value of ``CalendarType`` is ``Automatic``, which uses the proleptic Gregorian calendar in which there is no year 0. Years prior to the Common Era are negative, and those after are positive. * ``TimeZone`` specifications should be a numerical offset from GMT, a time zone string, ``None`` or a geo entity location. * ``TimeSystem`` specifications include ``"UTC"``, ``"TAI"``, ``"TT"`` and others. The default value is ``"UT"``, a form of UTC that smears leap seconds over the 24 hours before their addition or removal. * ``TimeSystem`` specifications other than ``"UTC"`` and ``"UT"`` make ``TimeZone -> Automatic`` be interpreted as ``TimeZone -> 0`` because they are typically always used in the GMT time zone. * With a typical value for ``\$DateStringFormat``, the display of ``DateObject[{y, m, d, h, m, s}]`` will truncate fractional seconds. * ``DateObject`` allows addition and subtraction of time quantities. * Subtracting two ``DateObject`` expressions yields a time quantity. * Functions such as ``NumericalSort``, ``Greater``, ``Max``, etc. work with ``DateObject``. * ``Information`` for a ``DateObject`` may include the following properties: | | | | -------------- | --------------------------------- | | "Date" | string form of the specified date | | "Granularity" | calendar granularity | | "TimeZone" | time zone | | "CalendarType" | calendar type | --- ## Examples (31) ### Basic Examples (6) Find the current date: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[] Out[1]= DateObject[{2024, 6, 26, 9, 27, 15.588356}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -5.] ``` --- Date object expression representing the year 2022: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022}] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022}, "Year"] ``` --- Date object representing the week beginning Monday, August 1, 2022: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 8, 1}, "Week"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 8, 1}, "Week"] ``` Expand the date to a granularity of ``"Month"`` : ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[%, "Month"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2022, 8}, "Month"] ``` --- Convert an absolute time to a date object: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[3865673600] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 7, 1, 14, 13, 20}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -5.] ``` --- Represent a specific year and month: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 12}] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 12}, "Month"] ``` Or represent just a year: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{1985}] Out[2]= DateObject[{1985}, "Year"] ``` --- Add 2000 weeks to a date: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{1988, 6, 23}] + \[FreeformPrompt]["2000 weeks"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2026, 10, 22}, "Day"] ``` Subtract two dates to get a time quantity: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{2022, 5, 18}] - DateObject[{1988, 6, 23}] Out[2]= Quantity[12382, "Days"] ``` ### Scope (7) Date objects are interpreted using their standard normalized form: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 2, 31}] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 3, 3}, "Day"] ``` This includes normalization for values preceding the first day of the year: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{2025, 0, 0}] Out[2]= DateObject[{2024, 11, 30}, "Day"] ``` --- Strings are automatically interpreted when possible: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject["2022 12-15"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 12, 15}, "Day"] In[2]:= DateObject["foo"] ``` DateObject::str: String foo cannot be interpreted as a date. ```wl Out[2]= DateObject["foo"] ``` --- ``DateObject`` automatically chooses the first date compatible with the input information: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2023}, "Day"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2023, 1, 1}, "Day"] In[2]:= DateObject[Today, "Minute"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2024, 5, 1, 0, 0}, "Minute", "Gregorian", None] ``` --- The granularity of a date object may be changed by wrapping it in a ``DateObject`` expression with an explicit granularity specification: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 8, 4}, "Instant"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 8, 4, 0, 0, 0}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -5.] In[2]:= DateObject[%, "Month"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2022, 8}, "Month", "Gregorian", -5.] ``` --- Date objects including additional elements beyond what are required for a given calendar granularity will be automatically normalized to their canonical form: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 4, 3}, "Year"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022}, "Year"] ``` --- Combine a ``DateObject`` and a ``TimeObject`` into a single expression: ```wl In[1]:= d = Today; t = TimeObject[{13, 0, 2}]; In[2]:= DateObject[d, t] Out[2]= DateObject[{2024, 5, 1, 13, 0, 2}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -5.] ``` --- Date and time of an image: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[[image]] Out[1]= DateObject[{2015, 11, 21, 9, 39, 33.}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -4.] ``` ### Options (9) #### CalendarType (2) Find the current date on the Jewish calendar: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[CalendarType -> "Jewish"] Out[1]= DateObject[{5782, 12, 2, 8, 59, 27.900892}, "Instant", "Jewish", -6.] ``` --- Represent a date on the Islamic calendar: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{1435, 1, 1}, CalendarType -> "Islamic"] Out[1]= DateObject[{1435, 1, 1}, "Day", "Islamic", -5.] ``` #### DateFormat (2) Use long date format: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 2, 3, 8, 59, 31.649832}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -6.] ``` --- Specify your own format: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[DateFormat -> {"Day", "/", "Month", "/", "Year"}] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 2, 3, 8, 59, 33.649175}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -6., "SmearedUTC", {"Day", "/", "Month", "/", "Year"}] In[2]:= DateObject[DateFormat -> {"Hour", ":", "Minute", " (on ", "Month", "/", "Day", ")"}] Out[2]= DateObject[{2022, 2, 3, 8, 59, 35.067707}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -6., "SmearedUTC", {"Hour", ":", "Minute", " (on ", "Month", "/", "Day", ")"}] ``` #### DateGranularity (1) By default, dates are generated with ``"Instant"`` granularity: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[] Out[1]= DateObject[{2023, 3, 29, 10, 48, 31.345854}, "Instant", "Gregorian", -5.] ``` Use ``DateGranularity -> "Month"`` to generate a "Month" granular date: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[DateGranularity -> "Month"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2023, 3}, "Month"] ``` #### TimeSystem (2) Find the current date in International Atomic Time: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[TimeSystem -> "TAI"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 2, 3, 15, 0, 24.4534}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0., "TAI"] ``` Represent the leap second that occurred on December 31, 2016, in Coordinated Universal Time: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 23, 59, 60}, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UTC"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 23, 59, 60}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0., "UTC"] ``` --- The ``"UTC"`` and ``"UT"`` time systems are identical on days with no leap second added: ```wl In[1]:= dl = {2017, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}; In[2]:= date1 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UTC"] Out[2]= DateObject[{2017, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0., "UTC"] In[3]:= date2 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UT"] Out[3]= DateObject[{2017, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0.] In[4]:= date2 - date1 Out[4]= Quantity[0., "Seconds"] ``` They differ on days with a leap second, with the difference increasing from 0 to 1 second during the day: ```wl In[5]:= dl = {2016, 12, 31, 6, 0, 0}; In[6]:= date1 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UTC"] Out[6]= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 6, 0, 0}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0., "UTC"] In[7]:= date2 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UT"] Out[7]= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 6, 0, 0}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0.] In[8]:= date2 - date1 Out[8]= Quantity[0.24999713897705075, "Seconds"] In[9]:= dl = {2016, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}; In[10]:= date1 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UTC"] Out[10]= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0., "UTC"] In[11]:= date2 = DateObject[dl, TimeZone -> 0, TimeSystem -> "UT"] Out[11]= DateObject[{2016, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0.] In[12]:= date2 - date1 Out[12]= Quantity[0.9999766349792479, "Seconds"] ``` #### TimeZone (2) Find the current date in Greenwich, United Kingdom: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[TimeZone -> "Europe/London"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 2, 3, 14, 59, 37.653798}, "Instant", "Gregorian", "Europe/London"] ``` Specify no time zone for a date object: ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{2012, 8, 4}, TimeZone -> None] Out[2]= DateObject[{2012, 8, 4}, "Day"] ``` Represent 11am Eastern Standard Time on March 3, 2001: ```wl In[3]:= DateObject[{2001, 3, 3}, TimeObject[{11}], TimeZone -> "America/New_York"] Out[3]= DateObject[{2001, 3, 3, 11}, "Hour", "Gregorian", "America/New_York"] ``` ``TimeZone`` specifications can be used with all supported calendar types: ```wl In[4]:= DateObject[{5774, 11, 3}, TimeObject[{13, 50, 2}], CalendarType -> "Jewish", TimeZone -> 2] Out[4]= DateObject[{5774, 11, 3, 13, 50, 2}, "Instant", "Jewish", 2.] ``` --- For date string inputs, if a time zone is detected, the resulting ``DateObject`` will account for the difference in time zone offset: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject["2022-04-12T15:15:21Z"] Out[1]= DateObject[{2022, 4, 12, 10, 15, 21.}, "Instant", "Gregorian", "America/Chicago"] In[2]:= DateObject["2022-04-12T15:15:21Z", TimeZone -> 0] Out[2]= DateObject[{2022, 4, 12, 15, 15, 21.}, "Instant", "Gregorian", 0.] ``` ### Applications (1) ``ClockGauge`` can be used to visualize a date on an analog clock: ```wl In[1]:= ClockGauge[Now] Out[1]= [image] ``` ### Properties & Relations (8) ``AbsoluteTime`` represents dates as seconds since the beginning of 1900: ```wl In[1]:= AbsoluteTime[DateObject[]] Out[1]= 3.852867602004673`16.338359074007744*^9 ``` ``DateList`` represents dates as lists of date elements: ```wl In[2]:= DateList[DateObject[{2022}]] Out[2]= {2022, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.} ``` ``DateString`` represents dates as strings: ```wl In[3]:= DateString[Today] Out[3]= "Thu 3 Feb 2022" ``` --- ``DateValue`` can be used to extract a granular date: ```wl In[1]:= DateValue[Today, "Year", DateObject] Out[1]= DateObject[{2024}, "Year"] ``` --- Arithmetic using date objects returns units in the coarsest granularity of the dates: ```wl In[1]:= Today - DateObject[{2010}] Out[1]= Quantity[12, "Years"] In[2]:= Now - Today Out[2]= Quantity[0., "Days"] ``` --- Granular ``DateObject`` expressions with different time zones within the same calendar granularity are considered ``Equal`` : ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2022, 2, 1}, "Day", TimeZone -> -6] == DateObject[{2022, 2, 1}, "Day", TimeZone -> 0] Out[1]= True ``` But are not ``SameQ`` : ```wl In[2]:= DateObject[{2022, 2, 1}, "Day", TimeZone -> -6] === DateObject[{2022, 2, 1}, "Day", TimeZone -> 0] Out[2]= False ``` --- Compare date objects to determine their sequence of occurrence: ```wl In[1]:= Today > DateObject[{2001, 1, 4}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] Out[1]= True In[2]:= DateObject[{2001, 1, 8}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] > DateObject[{2001, 1, 10}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] Out[2]= False In[3]:= DateObject[{2013, 8, 1, 17}, "Hour", "Gregorian", -6.] == DateObject[{2013, 8, 1, 18}, "Hour", "Gregorian", -5.] Out[3]= True In[4]:= NumericalSort[{DateObject[{2001, 8, 1}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{2010, 3, 12}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{1995, 12, 20}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.]}] Out[4]= {DateObject[{1995, 12, 20}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{2001, 8, 1}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{2010, 3, 12}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.]} ``` --- ``GreaterThan``, ``LessThan`` and related test functions also work with ``DateObject`` expressions: ```wl In[1]:= GreaterThan[Today][Tomorrow] Out[1]= True In[2]:= LessThan[Tomorrow][Now] Out[2]= True ``` --- Comparisons of date objects with unequal precision and overlapping time periods will return unevaluated: ```wl In[1]:= DateObject[{2001, 1}, "Month", "Gregorian", -6.] > DateObject[{2001, 1, 4}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] ``` Greater::nordol: DateObject[{2001,1},Month,Gregorian,-6.] and DateObject[{2001,1,4},Day,Gregorian,-6.] cannot be compared because they are overlapping. ```wl Out[1]= DateObject[{2001, 1}, "Month", "Gregorian", -6.] > DateObject[{2001, 1, 4}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] In[2]:= DateObject[{2001, 1, 1}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] > DateObject[{2001, 1, 4}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] Out[2]= False In[3]:= DateObject[{2000, 1}, "Month", "Gregorian", -6.] > DateObject[{2001, 1, 4}, "Day", "Gregorian", -6.] Out[3]= False ``` --- Use ``Max`` to find the latest date in a list: ```wl In[1]:= Max[{DateObject[{1980}, "Year", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{1995}, "Year", "Gregorian", -6.], DateObject[{2012}, "Year", "Gregorian", -6.]}] Out[1]= DateObject[{2012}, "Year", "Gregorian", -6.] ``` ``NumericalSort`` will arrange dates in sequence: ```wl In[2]:= NumericalSort[{DateObject[{2022, 2, 25}, "Day"], DateObject[{2022, 2, 26}, "Day"], DateObject[{2022, 2, 24}, "Day"]}] Out[2]= {DateObject[{2022, 2, 24}, "Day"], DateObject[{2022, 2, 25}, "Day"], DateObject[{2022, 2, 26}, "Day"]} ``` ## See Also * [`TimeObject`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/TimeObject.en.md) * [`Now`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Now.en.md) * [`DateInterval`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateInterval.en.md) * [`DateValue`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateValue.en.md) * [`TimeZoneConvert`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/TimeZoneConvert.en.md) * [`CalendarConvert`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CalendarConvert.en.md) * [`FromDateString`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FromDateString.en.md) * [`DateDifference`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateDifference.en.md) * [`DateString`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateString.en.md) * [`DateList`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DateList.en.md) * [`AbsoluteTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AbsoluteTime.en.md) * [`UnixTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/UnixTime.en.md) * [`FromUnixTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FromUnixTime.en.md) * [`JulianDate`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/JulianDate.en.md) * [`FromJulianDate`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FromJulianDate.en.md) * [`TimeSeries`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/TimeSeries.en.md) * [`EventSeries`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/EventSeries.en.md) * [`CurrentDate`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CurrentDate.en.md) * [`DayRound`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DayRound.en.md) * [`Date`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/interpreter/Date.en.md) * [`DateTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/interpreter/DateTime.en.md) ## Related Guides * [Date & Time](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/DateAndTime.en.md) * [Time Series Processing](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/TimeSeries.en.md) * [Free-Form & External Input](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/FreeFormAndExternalInput.en.md) * [Weather Data](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/WeatherData.en.md) * [People & History](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/PeopleAndHistory.en.md) * [Financial Computation](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/Finance.en.md) * [Scientific Data Analysis](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/ScientificDataAnalysis.en.md) * [Database Connectivity](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/DatabaseConnectivity.en.md) * [WDF (Wolfram Data Framework)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/WDFWolframDataFramework.en.md) * [Knowledge Representation & Access](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/KnowledgeRepresentationAndAccess.en.md) ## Related Links * [An Elementary Introduction to the Wolfram Language: Dates and Times](https://www.wolfram.com/language/elementary-introduction/19-dates-and-times.html) ## History * [Introduced in 2014 (10.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn100.en.md) \| [Updated in 2016 (11.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn110.en.md) ▪ [2017 (11.1)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn111.en.md) ▪ [2017 (11.2)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn112.en.md) ▪ [2019 (12.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn120.en.md) ▪ [2021 (13.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn130.en.md) ▪ [2023 (13.3)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn133.en.md) ▪ [2024 (14.1)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn141.en.md)