A.6.1 File Names

name.m	Mathematica language source file
name.nb	Mathematica notebook file
name.ma	Mathematica notebook file from before Version 3
name.mx	Mathematica expression dump
name.exe	MathLink executable program
name.tm	MathLink template file
name.ml	MathLink stream file

Most files used by Mathematica are completely system independent. .mx and .exe files are however system dependent. For these files, there is a convention that bundles of versions for different computer systems have names with forms such as name/$SystemID/name.

In general, when you refer to a file, Mathematica tries to resolve its name as follows:

• If the name starts with !, Mathematica treats the remainder of the name as an external command, and uses a pipe to this command.
• If the name contains metacharacters used by your operating system, then Mathematica passes the name directly to the operating system for interpretation.
• Unless the file is to be used for input, no further processing on the name is done.
• Unless the name given is an absolute file name under your operating system, Mathematica will search each of the directories specified in the list $Path.
• If what is found is a directory rather than a file, then Mathematica will look for a file name/$SystemID/name.

For names of the form name` the following further translations are done in Get and related functions:

• A file name.mx is used if it exists.
• A file name.m is used if it exists.

• If name is a directory, then the file name/init.m is used if it exists.
• If name.mx is a directory, then name.mx/$SystemID/name.mx is used if it exists.

In Install, name` is taken to refer to a file or directory named name.exe.