Translate in effect adds to each set of coordinates that appear in the graphics primitives g.
For objects specified with scaled coordinates Scaled, Translate effectively applies its transformation to the corresponding ordinary coordinates.
Normal[expr] if possible replaces all Translate constructs by versions of the in which the coordinates have explicitly been transformed.
Translate with a list of vectors is a very efficient way to represent multiple, identical copies of an arbitrarily complex shape or image in a graphic.