The argument
to CalendarChange converts between Western (Gregorian) dates and Jewish dates. The Gregorian date of Israel's independence is May 14, 1948:
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Because the Jewish calendar has a leap month preceding Passover, Mathematica uses a numbering starting with Nisan, the month of Passover:
Israel's independence was declared on the 5th of Iyar, 5708.
In Mathematica numbering, Tishrei, the first month of the Jewish year, is number 7.
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By definition, Yom Kippur cannot fall on a Friday or Sunday:
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Because of the leap month, Jewish dates can vary by up to a month in the Western calendar. The Western and Jewish anniversaries of Israel's independence differ greatly:
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The Jewish calendar follows a 19-year cycle. Western and Jewish anniversaries will correspond almost exactly every 19 years:
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