--- title: "CloudPut" language: "en" type: "Symbol" summary: "CloudPut[expr] writes expr to a new anonymous cloud object. CloudPut[expr, uri] writes expr to a cloud object at a given URI. CloudPut[expr, CloudObject[uri]] writes expr to a given cloud object." keywords: - output to cloud - store in cloud - put in cloud - save in cloud - cloud upload - place in cloud - remote storage canonical_url: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudPut.html" source: "Wolfram Language Documentation" related_guides: - title: "Cloud Functions & Deployment" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/CloudFunctionsAndDeployment.en.md" related_workflows: - title: "Store Data in a Cloud Object" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/workflow/StoreDataInACloudObject.en.md" related_functions: - title: "CloudGet" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudGet.en.md" - title: "CloudSave" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudSave.en.md" - title: "CloudExport" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudExport.en.md" - title: "CloudDeploy" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudDeploy.en.md" - title: "CopyFile" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CopyFile.en.md" - title: "Put" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Put.en.md" - title: "Get" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Get.en.md" - title: "DatabinAdd" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DatabinAdd.en.md" - title: "BlockchainPut" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/BlockchainPut.en.md" --- # CloudPut CloudPut[expr] writes expr to a new anonymous cloud object. CloudPut[expr, "uri"] writes expr to a cloud object at a given URI. CloudPut[expr, CloudObject["uri"]] writes expr to a given cloud object. ## Details and Options * ``CloudPut`` returns the resulting ``CloudObject``. * ``CloudPut[expr, URL["uri"]]`` is also supported. * To copy an existing local file to the cloud, use ``CopyFile``. * ``CloudPut`` allows the following options: | | | | | ---------------------- | ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | CachePersistence | Automatic | controls the time duration for which an object is cached by a client | | CloudBase | Automatic | what cloud to write to | | CloudObjectNameFormat | \$CloudObjectNameFormat | format to use for the name portion of the URL | | CloudObjectURLType | \$CloudObjectURLType | base type of URL to use (obj, env, ...) | | IconRules | Automatic | icons to use for the object | | IncludeDefinitions | False | whether to automatically include dependencies | | MetaInformation | {} | metainformation for the object | | Permissions | Automatic | permissions for the object | * With ``IncludeDefinitions -> False``, ``CloudPut[expr, …]`` includes only ``expr`` itself in the cloud object it creates. * With ``IncludeDefinitions -> True``, ``CloudPut[expr, …]`` automatically includes all definitions needed to evaluate ``expr`` in the cloud object it creates. --- ## Examples (12) ### Basic Examples (2) Save a computed value in an unnamed cloud object: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[47!] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/da3b95a9-95de-4823-9c57-fedccc0e85f2"] ``` Retrieve the value: ```wl In[2]:= CloudGet[%] Out[2]= 258623241511168180642964355153611979969197632389120000000000 ``` --- Save a named cloud object: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[47!, "myfile"] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/myfile"] In[2]:= CloudGet["myfile"] Out[2]= 258623241511168180642964355153611979969197632389120000000000 ``` ### Scope (2) Save a named cloud object specified by a string: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[47!, "myfile"] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/myfile"] ``` Save a named cloud object specified by a ``CloudObject`` : ```wl In[2]:= CloudPut[47!, CloudObject["myfile"]] Out[2]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/myfile"] In[3]:= CloudGet["myfile"] Out[3]= 258623241511168180642964355153611979969197632389120000000000 ``` Save a named cloud object specified by a URL: ```wl In[4]:= CloudPut[47!, URL["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/myfile"]] Out[4]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/myfile"] In[5]:= CloudGet["myfile"] Out[5]= 258623241511168180642964355153611979969197632389120000000000 ``` --- Save an unevaluated expression: ```wl In[1]:= obj = CloudPut[Unevaluated[DateObject[]]] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/9365edb7-868a-4d52-95df-ff0b07f2cbb1"] ``` The expression has been stored in unevaluated form: ```wl In[2]:= FilePrint[obj] DateObject[] ``` The expression evaluates each time it is read: ```wl In[3]:= t0 = Now; Table[Get[obj] - t0, {3}] Out[3]= {Quantity[0.1840184, "Seconds"], Quantity[0.2880288, "Seconds"], Quantity[0.3560356, "Seconds"]} ``` ### Options (6) #### CloudBase (1) Write an expression to a different cloud: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[WeatherData[$GeoLocation, "Temperature", "NonMetricValue"], "temp", CloudBase -> "https://www.epc.example.com"] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.epc.example.com/obj/documentation/temperature"] ``` #### CloudObjectNameFormat (1) Write to a cloud object and return the URL in the user UUID format: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[{$GeoLocationCity, $GeoLocationCountry}, "current-location", CloudObjectNameFormat -> "CloudUserUUID"] Out[1]= CloudObject[ "https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/user-b0c28e9f-876d-4478-9d8b-9e7d18a9ea81/current-location"] ``` #### CloudObjectURLType (1) Write to a cloud object and return the URL in the form for opening within the cloud environment: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[{$GeoLocationCity, $GeoLocationCountry}, "current-location", CloudObjectURLType -> "Environment"] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/env/documentation/current-location"] ``` #### IncludeDefinitions (1) Write an unevaluated expression that depends on other symbol definitions, and include those definitions: ```wl In[1]:= f[n_] := Boole[Negative[n]] * (n + 1); obj = CloudPut[Unevaluated[f[Now["Hour"]]], IncludeDefinitions -> True] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/b4cfdfb3-15de-4be7-9d3d-b85cf08c0101"] ``` The object has been stored unevaluated with the definition for ``f`` : ```wl In[2]:= FilePrint[obj] Language`ExtendedFullDefinition[] = Language`DefinitionList[HoldForm[Global`f] -> {OwnValues -> {}, SubValues -> {}, UpValues -> {}, DownValues -> {HoldPattern[Global`f[Global`n_]] :> Boole[Negative[Global`n]]*(Global`n + 1)}, NValues -> {}, FormatValues -> {}, DefaultValues -> {}, Messages -> {}, Attributes -> {}}]; Global`f[Now["Hour"]] ``` #### MetaInformation (1) Write to a cloud object and include some metainformation: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[{$GeoLocationCity, $GeoLocationCountry}, "current-location", MetaInformation -> <|"Source" -> SystemInformation["Kernel", "ProductIDName"], "OperatingSystem" -> $OperatingSystem|>] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/documentation/current-location"] ``` The metainformation can be read back later: ```wl In[2]:= Options[CloudObject["current-location"], MetaInformation] Out[2]= {MetaInformation -> {"OperatingSystem" -> "Windows", "Source" -> "Mathematica"}} ``` #### Permissions (1) Write to a cloud object that will require another user to be logged in to access it: ```wl In[1]:= CloudPut[{$GeoLocationCity, $GeoLocationCountry}, Permissions -> "Authenticated" -> "Read"] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/e8f66a75-a30a-45f0-9680-e8b70d68baa4"] ``` ### Properties & Relations (1) ``Put`` with a ``CloudObject`` destination is equivalent to ``CloudPut`` : ```wl In[1]:= Put[42, CloudObject[]] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/a008b9f3-29d4-4689-8e30-a799b440c762"] ``` Use ``PutAppend`` with a cloud object to append an expression to a cloud object instead of completely replacing its contents as ``CloudPut`` does: ```wl In[2]:= obj = PutAppend[1, CloudObject[]]; ReadList[obj] Out[2]= {1} ``` Append another expression and read all the expressions in the object: ```wl In[3]:= PutAppend[2, obj]; ReadList[obj] Out[3]= {1, 2} ``` ### Possible Issues (1) Using ``CloudPut`` for expressions like ``APIFunction`` that have special behavior in the cloud does not activate their special behavior: ```wl In[1]:= api = CloudPut[APIFunction[{"P" -> Number, "r" -> Number, "t" -> Number}, #P(1 + #r * #t)&]] Out[1]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/0a8b7d15-3e3c-44f1-aa1b-2d0dc2341597"] ``` Calling the cloud object does not do any computation since an expression is simply displayed using HTML, which happens to be imported as something readable by ``URLExecute`` : ```wl In[2]:= URLExecute[api, {"P" -> 1000, "r" -> 2.3, "t" -> 72}] Out[2]= "APIFunction[{\"P\" -> Number, \"r\" -> Number, \"t\" -> Number}, #P*(1 + #r*#t) & ]" ``` In order to create a usable ``APIFunction``, it must be deployed with ``CloudDeploy`` or ``CloudPublish`` : ```wl In[3]:= api = CloudDeploy[APIFunction[{"P" -> Number, "r" -> Number, "t" -> Number}, #P(1 + #r * #t)&]] Out[3]= CloudObject["https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/100e85cd-9c84-4085-847a-888aaa10b7aa"] ``` Now it reads the parameters and evaluates the function when invoked, as intended: ```wl In[4]:= URLExecute[api, {"P" -> 1000, "r" -> 2.3, "t" -> 72}] Out[4]= "166600." ``` ## See Also * [`CloudGet`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudGet.en.md) * [`CloudSave`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudSave.en.md) * [`CloudExport`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudExport.en.md) * [`CloudDeploy`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CloudDeploy.en.md) * [`CopyFile`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/CopyFile.en.md) * [`Put`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Put.en.md) * [`Get`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Get.en.md) * [`DatabinAdd`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DatabinAdd.en.md) * [`BlockchainPut`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/BlockchainPut.en.md) ## Related Guides * [Cloud Functions & Deployment](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/CloudFunctionsAndDeployment.en.md) ## Related Workflows * [Store Data in a Cloud Object](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/workflow/StoreDataInACloudObject.en.md) ## Related Links * [Fast Introduction for Programmers: Cloud Deployment](http://www.wolfram.com/language/fast-introduction-for-programmers/cloud-deployment/) * [An Elementary Introduction to the Wolfram Language: Storing Things](https://www.wolfram.com/language/elementary-introduction/43-storing-things.html) ## History * [Introduced in 2014 (10.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn100.en.md) \| [Updated in 2016 (11.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn110.en.md) ▪ [2019 (12.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn120.en.md)