$Aborted is a special symbol that is returned as the result from a calculation that has been aborted.
$AssertFunction specifies a function to apply to assertions that fail.
$Assumptions is the default setting for the Assumptions option used in such functions as Simplify, Refine, and Integrate.
$BaseDirectory gives the base directory in which systemwide files to be loaded by Mathematica are conventionally placed.
$BatchInput is True if input in the current session is being fed directly to the Mathematica kernel in batch mode.
$BatchOutput is True if output in the current session is being sent in batch mode, suitable for reading by other programs.
$ByteOrdering gives the native ordering of bytes in binary data on your computer system.
$Canceled is a symbol returned when notebook input is canceled, for example from a dialog box.
$CharacterEncoding specifies the default raw character encoding to use for input and output functions.
$CharacterEncodings gives the list of character encodings that can be used.