Mathematica's symbolic character allows a powerful unification of the notion of conditionals in programming and in mathematics.
Divisible[n, m] yields True if n is divisible by m, and yields False if it is not.
PackingMethod is an option for GraphPlot and related functions which specifies how disconnected components should be packed together in the layout produced.
Xor
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) Xor[e_1, e_2, ...] is the logical XOR (exclusive OR) function. It gives True if an odd number of the e_i are True, and the rest are False. It gives False if an even number of ...
DigitCount[n, b, d] gives the number of d digits in the base-b representation of n. DigitCount[n, b] gives a list of the numbers of 1, 2, ..., b - 1, 0 digits in the base-b ...
PartitionsP[n] gives the number p (n) of unrestricted partitions of the integer n.
Quotient[m, n] gives the integer quotient of m and n. Quotient[m, n, d] uses an offset d.
CoprimeQ[n_1, n_2] yields True if n_1 and n_2 are relatively prime, and yields False otherwise. CoprimeQ[n_1, n_2, ...] yields True if all pairs of the n_i are relatively ...
Simplifying with assumptions. Mathematica does not automatically simplify this, since it is only true for some values of x. Sqrt[x^2] is equal to x for x≥0, but not otherwise.
VertexCoordinates is an option to Graph and related functions that specifies the coordinates to use to place the center of vertices.