Select
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) Select[list, crit] picks out all elements e_i of list for which crit[e_i] is True. Select[list, crit, n] picks out the first n elements for which crit[e_i] is True.
Threshold[data] thresholds data by replacing values close to zero by zero.Threshold[data, tspec] thresholds data using threshold specification tspec.Threshold[image, ...] ...
Log
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) Log[z] gives the natural logarithm of z (logarithm to base e). Log[b, z] gives the logarithm to base b.
EllipticTheta[a, u, q] gives the theta function \[CurlyTheta]_a (u, q) (a = 1, ..., 4).
lhs := rhs assigns rhs to be the delayed value of lhs. rhs is maintained in an unevaluated form. When lhs appears, it is replaced by rhs, evaluated afresh each time.
Multinomial[n_1, n_2, ...] gives the multinomial coefficient (n_1 + n_2 + ...)!/(n_1! n_2! ...).
NestList[f, expr, n] gives a list of the results of applying f to expr 0 through n times.
One-dimensional Laplace transforms. The Laplace transform of a function f(t) is given by ∫_0^∞f(t)e^-stt. The inverse Laplace transform of F(s) is given for suitable γ by ( ...
PartitionMap[f, list, n] applies f to list after partitioning into nonoverlapping sublists of length n. PartitionMap[f, list, n, d] applies f to sublists obtained by ...
Mathematica allows arbitrary hierachical namespaces. However, several standard "contexts" are conventionally used for predefined purposes.