\[Phi]
(Mathematica Character Name) Unicode: 03D5. Aliases: Esc ph Esc, Esc phi Esc, Esc f Esc. Greek letter. Used in TraditionalForm for EulerPhi and GoldenRatio.
\[Pi]
(Mathematica Character Name) Unicode: 03C0. Aliases: Esc p Esc, Esc pi Esc. Greek letter with built-in value. Interpreted by default as the symbol Pi.
Unicode: 221D. Alias: Esc prop Esc. Infix relational operator. x ∝ y is by default interpreted as Proportional[x,y]. Not the same as \[Alpha].
Unicode: 21B5. Alias: Esc ret Esc. Letter-like form. Representation of the return or newline character on a keyboard. Used in showing how textual input is typed.
Unicode: 00BB. Alias: Esc g>> Esc. Letter-like form. Used as closing quotation marks in languages such as Spanish. Not the same as \[GreaterGreater]. Not the same as >. ...
Unicode: F51F. Alias: Esc :> Esc. Infix operator with built-in evaluation rules. x y is by default interpreted as x:>y or RuleDelayed[x,y]. x y z groups as x (y z).
Unicode: 03E0. Aliases: Esc sa Esc, Esc sampi Esc. Special Greek letter. Appeared after ω in early Greek alphabet; used for Greek numeral 900.
Unicode: 03C3. Aliases: Esc s Esc, Esc sigma Esc. Greek letter. Used in TraditionalForm for DivisorSigma and WeierstrassSigma.
\[Sqrt]
(Mathematica Character Name) Unicode: 221A. Alias: Esc sqrt Esc. Prefix operator with built-in evaluation rules. √ x is by default interpreted as Sqrt[x]. Ctrl+@, Ctrl+2 or ∖@ yields a complete SqrtBox ...
Unicode: 220D. Alias: Esc st Esc. Infix operator. x ∍ y is by default interpreted as SuchThat[x,y]. x ∍ y ∍ z groups as x ∍ (y ∍ z). Not the same as \[ReverseElement].