$InitialDirectory gives the initial directory when the current Mathematica session was started.
$InputFileName is a global variable whose value is the absolute file name of the input file from which input to Mathematica is currently being sought.
$Input
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) $Input is a global variable whose value is the name of the stream from which input to Mathematica is currently being sought.
$InstallationDirectory gives the top-level directory in which your Mathematica installation resides.
The CCompilerDriver package lets you work with C compilers that are installed on your computer. It lets you build executables, libraries, and object files from C source code. ...
RemoteServicesAgent[properties] contains a list of properties for a Lightweight Grid Manager running on a networked computer.
The Wolfram Workbench is a development environment for Mathematica. Some of its features include the following. The Workbench contains a number of useful features for working ...
ToCombinatoricaGraph[g] return the Combinatorica representation of the graph g.ToCombinatoricaGraph[g, n] return the graph g, adding additional unconnected vertices, if ...
KML
(Mathematica Import/Export Format) KML map data format. Standard GIS file format. Stores the geometry and data of cartographic map features. KML is an acronym for Keyhole Markup Language. Used by Google Earth. ...
And
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) e_1 && e_2 && ... is the logical AND function. It evaluates its arguments in order, giving False immediately if any of them are False, and True if they are all True.