CountRoots[poly, x] gives the number of real roots of the polynomial poly in x.CountRoots[poly, {x, a, b}] gives the number of roots between a and b.
RootApproximant[x] converts the number x to one of the "simplest" algebraic numbers that approximates it well.RootApproximant[x, n] finds an algebraic number of degree at ...
PrimitiveRoot[n] gives the smallest primitive root of n.
Roots
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) Roots[lhs == rhs, var] yields a disjunction of equations which represent the roots of a polynomial equation.
RootSum
(Built-in Mathematica Symbol) RootSum[f, form] represents the sum of form[x] for all x that satisfy the polynomial equation f[x] == 0.
NumberFieldRootsOfUnity[a] gives the roots of unity for the field \[DoubleStruckCapitalQ][a] generated by the algebraic number a.
AlgebraicIntegerQ[a] yields True if a is an algebraic integer, and yields False otherwise.
To get a square root sign, press the Control key and the 2 key at the same time. Press Ctrl+2 or Ctrl+@. Type inside the placeholder (which is already selected).
Subresultants[poly_1, poly_2, var] generates a list of the principal subresultant coefficients of the polynomials poly_1 and poly_2 with respect to the variable var.
ToRadicals[expr] attempts to express all Root objects in expr in terms of radicals.