IntegerQ
IntegerQ[expr] gives True if expr is an integer, and False otherwise.
IntegerQ[expr] returns False unless expr is manifestly an integer (i.e., has head Integer).
Simplify[expr
Integers] can be used to try to determine whether an expression is mathematically equal to an integer.
See The Mathematica Book on the web: Section 2.3.5 and Section 3.1.1.
See also: EvenQ, OddQ, NumberQ, TrueQ, Element.
Further Examples