Im
Im[z]
gives the imaginary part of the complex number .
Examples
open allclose allBasic Examples (4)
Find the imaginary part of a complex number:
Find the imaginary part of a complex number expressed in polar form:
Plot over a subset of the complex plane:
Use Im to specify regions of the complex plane:
Scope (29)
Numerical Evaluation (7)
Mixed‐precision complex inputs:
Evaluate efficiently at high precision:
Im threads elementwise over lists and matrices:
Im can be used with Interval and CenteredInterval objects:
Specific Values (6)
Values of Im at fixed points:
Visualization (5)
Function Properties (5)
Im is defined for all real and complex inputs:
Im is zero on the entire real line:
It achieves all real values over the complex plane:
Im is an odd function:
Im is not a differentiable function:
The difference quotient does not have a limit in the complex plane:
There is only a limit in certain directions, for example, the real direction:
Obtain this result using ComplexExpand:
TraditionalForm formatting:
Function Identities and Simplifications (6)
Applications (3)
Properties & Relations (8)
Use Simplify and FullSimplify to simplify expressions containing Im:
Prove that the disk is in the upper half-plane:
ComplexExpand assumes variables to be real:
Here z is not assumed real, and the result should be in terms of Re and Im:
FunctionExpand does not assume variables to be real:
ReImPlot plots the real and imaginary parts of a function:
Use Im to describe regions in the complex plane:
Reduce can solve equations and inequalities involving Im:
With FindInstance you can get sample points of regions:
Use Im in Assumptions:
Possible Issues (2)
Im can stay unevaluated for numeric arguments:
Additional transformation may simplify it:
Im is a function of a complex variable and is therefore not differentiable:
As a complex function, it is not possible to write Im[z] without involving Conjugate[z]:
In particular, the limit that defines the derivative is direction dependent and therefore does not exist:
Use ComplexExpand to get differentiable expressions for real-valued variables:
Neat Examples (1)
Use Im to plot a 3D projection of the Riemann surface of :
Text
Wolfram Research (1988), Im, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Im.html (updated 2021).
CMS
Wolfram Language. 1988. "Im." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2021. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Im.html.
APA
Wolfram Language. (1988). Im. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Im.html