This information is part of the Modelica Standard Library maintained by the Modelica Association.

Idealized operational amplifier with saturation:

• Input currents are zero.
• No-load amplification is high (but not infinite).
• Output voltage is limited between positive and negative supply.

Supply voltage is either defined by parameter Vps and Vns or by (optional) pins s_p and s_n.

In the first case the necessary power is drawn from an implicit internal supply, in the second case from the external supply.

If initializion is problematic for a model containing this as a component you can set the homotopyType parameter. Using Linear ignores the saturation initially which simplifies the initialization, and may help if the component is connected with negative feedback; but generally fails if the feedback is positive. Using LowerLimit (or UpperLimit) gives a fixed value within the saturation bounds, which works with positive feedback. However, it does not work if the intent is to initialize the input to give a specific output.