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Other Mathematical Notation

Mathematica supports an extremely wide range of mathematical notation, although often it does not assign a pre-defined meaning to it. Thus, for example, you can enter an expression such as x CirclePlus y, but Mathematica will not initially make any assumption about what you mean by CirclePlus.
Mathematica knows that CirclePlus is an operator, but it does not initially assign any specific meaning to it.
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This gives Mathematica a definition for what the CirclePlus operator does.
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Now Mathematica can evaluate CirclePlus operations.
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A few of the operators whose input is supported by Mathematica.

Mathematica assigns built-in meanings to and GreaterSlantEqual, but not to GreaterTilde or GreaterGreater.
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There are some forms which look like characters on a standard keyboard, but which are interpreted in a different way by Mathematica. Thus, for example, \[Backslash] or EscapeKey\EscapeKey displays as \ but is not interpreted in the same way as a \ typed directly on the keyboard.
The \ and Wedge characters used here are different from the \ and ^ you would type directly on a keyboard.
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Most operators work like CirclePlus and go in between their operands. But some operators can go in other places. Thus, for example, EscapeKey<EscapeKey and EscapeKey>EscapeKey or \[LeftAngleBracket] and \[RightAngleBracket] are effectively operators which go around their operand.
The elements of the angle bracket operator go around their operand.
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Some additional letters and letter-like forms.

You can use letters and letter-like forms anywhere in symbol names.
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EmptySet is assumed to be a symbol, and so is just multiplied by a and b.
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