Use Antialiasing in 3D Graphics
Graphics3D[{Antialiasing -> True,
{AbsoluteThickness[3], Line[Table[{{0, 0, 0}, {Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}}, {a, 0, 2π, 2π / 6}]]},
Line[Table[{{0, 0, 0}, {Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}}, {a, 0, 2π, 2π / 60}]], {AbsoluteThickness[3], Table[Line[Table[r{Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}, {a, 0, 2π, 2π / 100}]], {r, 0.1, 1, 0.3}]}, Table[Line[Table[r{Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}, {a, 0, 2π, 2π / 100}]], {r, 0.1, 1, 0.1}], {AbsoluteThickness[3], Table[Line[Table[{{Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}, {Sin[a], Cos[a], 2}}, {a, 4 / 3π, 2π, 2π / 6}]], {r, 0.1, 1, 0.3}]}, Table[Line[Table[{{Sin[a], Cos[a], 0}, {Sin[a], Cos[a], 2}}, {a, 4 / 3π, 2π, 2π / 60}]], {r, 0.1, 1, 0.3}], {AbsoluteThickness[3], Table[Line[Table[{Sin[a], Cos[a], h}, {a, 4 / 3π, 2π, 2π / 120}]], {h, 0, 2, 0.5}]}, Table[Line[Table[{Sin[a], Cos[a], h}, {a, 4 / 3π, 2π, 2π / 120}]], {h, 0.1, 2, 0.1}], {Opacity[0.5], {Green, Sphere[{0, 0, 1.5}, 0.35]}, {Yellow, Sphere[{0, 0, 1}, 0.5]}, {Red, Sphere[{0, 0, 0.5}, 0.35]}}, Sphere[{#[[1]]Cos[2π#[[2]]], #[[1]]Sin[2π#[[2]]], 2#[[3]]}, #[[4]]0.1 + 0.05]& /@ RandomReal[{0, 1}, {15, 4}]}, PlotRangePadding -> None, Boxed -> False, ViewAngle -> π / 7.5]//Rasterize