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This example shows what happens when a lightning hits a transmission line. We consider a segmented single-phase equivalent circuit taking losses into account with two parts of the transmission line, each 50 km long. The RMS voltage is 380 kV / √3, the RMS load current is roughly 1090 A. Realistic parameters of the 380 kV transmission line are used. Note that after the source starts, the traveling wave arrives at the load 350 µs later. After 20 ms, a lightning (10/350 µs) with an amplitude of 10 kA hits the transmission line just in the middle. Note that the traveling wave hits source and load approximately 200 µs after the lightning hits the transmission line. Plot voltage and current at the load. Without overvoltage protection, the load would be destroyed. Note that using a sparse solver saves some simulation time. Using a lossless transmission line model simulates even much quicker.

• May, 2021 implemented by Anton Haumer, Technical University of Applied Sciences Regensburg