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AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency]

对于 frequency 及指定的参数 spec，返回潮湿空气中的声音衰减系数.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency, distance]

返回指定参数在 distance 处的声音衰减系数.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency, distance,sl]

在给定源声级 sl 的情况下，返回在 distance 处的声级.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,audio, distance]

根据与声源的距离 distance 转换音频 audio.

更多信息和选项
Details and Options Details and Options
范例  
基本范例  
范围  
选项  
Method  
UnitSystem  
可能存在的问题  
参见
相关指南
相关链接
历史
按以下格式引用：

AirSoundAttenuation

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency]

对于 frequency 及指定的参数 spec，返回潮湿空气中的声音衰减系数.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency, distance]

返回指定参数在 distance 处的声音衰减系数.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,frequency, distance,sl]

在给定源声级 sl 的情况下，返回在 distance 处的声级.

AirSoundAttenuation[spec,audio, distance]

根据与声源的距离 distance 转换音频 audio.

更多信息和选项

  • spec 应该是一个关联，键对应于以下参数：
  • "DewPointTemperature"露点温度
    "DryBulbTemperature"干球温度
    "HumidityRatio"湿度比
    "Pressure"气压
    "RelativeHumidity"相对湿度
    "WetBulbTemperature"湿球温度
  • "DryBulbTemperature" 是必要的，包括其他温度或湿度测量之一也是必要的. "Pressure" 是可选的.
  • 除非另有说明，否则假定 "Pressure" 的值是 Quantity[101325,"Pascals"].
  • 在包含多个湿度测量的情况下，将按以下优先顺序使用值： "DewPointTemperature"，"RelativeHumidity"，"HumidityRatio"，"DewPointTemperature".
  • frequency 应该是一个位于 50 赫兹至 20 千赫之间的 Quantity.
  • distance 应为尺寸长度的 Quantity.
  • 声音衰减系数以每单位长度的分贝为单位返回.
  • 声音衰减系数是数值系数，通过它可以按比例缩小源声级.
  • 可以给出以下选项：
  • Method Automatic所用方法
    UnitSystem $UnitSystem制定返回量的单位
  • UnitSystem 支持设置 "Imperial" 和 "Metric". 声音衰减系数在米制单位中以分贝每米为单位，在英制单位中分贝每英尺为单位.
  • Method 支持方法 "IncludeDispersion"，该方法可以调整以解决由于行进距离而导致的声音分散. 选项"ReferenceDistance" 允许指定源声级或音频采样的距离.
  • sl 应为分贝 Quantity 或与分贝兼容的单位，例如奈培，八度或十进制.
  • 声级以与 sl 相同的单位返回.
  • audio 应该是有效的 Audio 对象. 结果将是一个 Audio 对象，其声音会根据 frequency 和 distance 而衰减.

范例

打开所有单元 关闭所有单元

基本范例  (3)

计算声音衰减系数：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[1000, "Hertz"]]

确定由于声音衰减在 2000 英尺处 75 分贝 200 Hz 源的声级：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[200, "Hertz"], Quantity[2000, "Feet"], Quantity[75, IndependentUnit["decibels"]]]

根据大气条件和距离转换音频：

Wolfram Language code: audio = Import[File["ExampleData/car.mp3"], "Audio"]
Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[30, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[60, "Percent"]|>, audio, Quantity[500, "Meters"]]

范围  (5)

使用距离和频率计算声音衰减系数：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[23, "DegreesCelsius"], "WetBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "Pressure" -> Quantity[1050, "Millibars"]|>, Quantity[2500, "Hertz"], Quantity[0.5, "Miles"]]

计算衰减的声级，以八度为单位：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[200, "Hertz"], Quantity[2000, "Feet"], Quantity[50, IndependentUnit["octaves"]]]

将衰减系数可视化为频率的函数：

Wolfram Language code: ListPlot[Table[{f, AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[f, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Metric"]}, {f, 100, 20000, 500}], AxesLabel -> {Quantity[None, "Hertz"], Quantity[None, IndependentUnit["decibels"] / "Meters"]}]

研究声音衰减系数如何随温度变化：

Wolfram Language code: ListPlot[Table[{c, AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[c, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[60, "Percent"]|>, Quantity[500, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Metric"]}, {c, 18, 40, 2}], AxesLabel -> {Quantity[None, "DegreesCelsius"], Quantity[None, IndependentUnit["decibels"] / "Meters"]}]

将声音衰减系数随相对湿度增加的行为进行比较：

Wolfram Language code: ListPlot[Table[{c, AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[40, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[c, "Percent"]|>, Quantity[500, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Metric"]}, {c, 20, 100, 5}], AxesLabel -> {Quantity[None, "Percent"], Quantity[None, IndependentUnit["decibels"] / "Meters"]}]

探索分贝如何随着距离减少：

Wolfram Language code: ListPlot[Table[{Quantity[d, "Feet"], AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[2500, "Hertz"], Quantity[d, "Feet"], Quantity[75, IndependentUnit["decibels"]]]}, {d, 100, 2500, 100}], AxesLabel -> Automatic]

选项  (4)

Method  (2)

解释在 2000 英尺处 75 dB 200 Hz 声源的声音分散：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[200, "Hertz"], Quantity[2000, "Feet"], Quantity[75, IndependentUnit["decibels"]], Method -> {"IncludeDispersion", "ReferenceDistance" -> Quantity[1, "Feet"]}]

将分散应用于音频：

Wolfram Language code: audio = Import[File["ExampleData/car.mp3"], "Audio"]
Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[30, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[60, "Percent"]|>, audio, Quantity[500, "Meters"], Method -> {"IncludeDispersion", "ReferenceDistance" -> Quantity[3, "Meters"]}]

与没有分散的声级进行比较：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[30, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[60, "Percent"]|>, audio, Quantity[500, "Meters"]]

UnitSystem  (2)

默认情况下，以 "Metric" 单位给出结果：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[40, "Percent"]|>, Quantity[3300, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Metric"]

将 UnitSystem 设置为 "Imperial"，将结果转换为分贝每英尺：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[40, "Percent"]|>, Quantity[3300, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Imperial"]

UnitConvert 也可以用来调整单位：

Wolfram Language code: UnitConvert[N@AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "RelativeHumidity" -> Quantity[40, "Percent"]|>, Quantity[3300, "Hertz"], UnitSystem -> "Metric"], IndependentUnit["decibels"] / "Feet"]

可能存在的问题  (3)

干球温度应等于或超过湿球点温度：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"WetBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[305, "Kelvins"], "DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[300, "Kelvins"]|>, Quantity[1000, "Hertz"]]

干球温度应等于或超过露点温度：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[300, "Kelvins"], "DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[295, "Kelvins"]|>, Quantity[1000, "Hertz"]]

干球温度是计算所需要的：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[295, "Kelvins"]|>, Quantity[1000, "Hertz"]]

频率应在 50 Hz 至 20 kHz 之间：

Wolfram Language code: AirSoundAttenuation[<|"DryBulbTemperature" -> Quantity[20, "DegreesCelsius"], "DewPointTemperature" -> Quantity[18, "DegreesCelsius"]|>, Quantity[50, "Kilohertz"]]
Wolfram Research (2020)，AirSoundAttenuation，Wolfram 语言函数，https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html.

文本

Wolfram Research (2020)，AirSoundAttenuation，Wolfram 语言函数，https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html.

CMS

Wolfram 语言. 2020. "AirSoundAttenuation." Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. Wolfram Research. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html.

APA

Wolfram 语言. (2020). AirSoundAttenuation. Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. 追溯自 https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html 年

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2026_airsoundattenuation, author="Wolfram Research", title="{AirSoundAttenuation}", year="2020", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html}", note=[Accessed: 15-August-2026]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2026_airsoundattenuation, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={AirSoundAttenuation}, year={2020}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AirSoundAttenuation.html}, note=[Accessed: 15-August-2026]}