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Exp
Power
Arg
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MantissaExponent
ProductLog
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MultiplicativeOrder
BitLength
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LogPlot
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Log
Log
[
z
]
gives the natural logarithm of
z
(logarithm to base
e
).
Log
[
b
,
z
]
gives the logarithm to base
b
.
MORE INFORMATION
Mathematical function, suitable for both symbolic and numerical manipulation.
Log
gives exact rational number results when possible.
For certain special arguments,
Log
automatically evaluates to exact values.
Log
can be evaluated to arbitrary numerical precision.
Log
automatically threads over lists.
Log
[
z
]
has a branch cut discontinuity in the complex
z
plane running from
to
.
EXAMPLES
CLOSE ALL
Basic Examples
(3)
Log
gives the natural logarithm (to base
):
In[1]:=
Out[1]=
Log
[
b
,
z
]
gives the logarithm to base
b
:
In[1]:=
Out[1]=
Series expansion:
In[1]:=
Out[1]=
Scope
(8)
Generalizations & Extensions
(5)
Applications
(8)
Properties & Relations
(15)
Possible Issues
(7)
Neat Examples
(6)
SEE ALSO
Exp
Power
Arg
RealExponent
MantissaExponent
ProductLog
HarmonicNumber
MultiplicativeOrder
BitLength
IntegerLength
LogPlot
TUTORIALS
Some Mathematical Functions
Elementary Transcendental Functions
RELATED LINKS
MathWorld
The Wolfram Functions Site
NKS|Online
(
A New Kind of Science
)
MORE ABOUT
Elementary Functions
Functions Used in Statistics
Mathematical Functions
New in 1
© 2008 Wolfram Research, Inc.
to 
.
EXAMPLES
Basic Examples 
):
Scope 