--- title: "VideoCombine" language: "en" type: "Symbol" summary: "VideoCombine[{obj1, obj2, ...}] creates a multi-track video by combining all audio, video and subtitle tracks in all obji." keywords: - video combine - combine video tracks - video plus audio - add audio to video - add audio tracks canonical_url: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoCombine.html" source: "Wolfram Language Documentation" related_guides: - title: "Video Computation: Update History" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoComputation-UpdateHistory.en.md" - title: "Video Editing" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoEditing.en.md" --- [EXPERIMENTAL] # VideoCombine VideoCombine[{obj1, obj2, …}] creates a multi-track video by combining all audio, video and subtitle tracks in all obji. ## Details and Options * ``VideoCombine`` is typically used to combine a video track and an audio track or to add additional audio or subtitle tracks. [image] * Possible objects ``obji`` can be any of the following: | | | | -------- | ---------------------- | | audio | an Audio object | | image | an Image object | | video | a Video object | | subtitle | subtitle specification | * Subtitles can be given in any of the following forms: | | | | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | | string | a single string | | Text[…] | positioned and/or styled text | | {text1, text2, …} | show texti in a uniformly distributed sequence | | {t1 -> text1, …} | show each texti at the time interval ti | | rawSubtitles | raw subtitles | * By default, all tracks of ``Video`` objects ``obji`` are included in the resulting video. * By default, ``VideoCombine`` places the new video under the ``"Video"`` directory in ``\$WolframDocumentsDirectory``. * The following options can be specified: | | | | | ----------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | AudioEncoding | Automatic | audio encoding to use | | CompressionLevel | Automatic | compression level to use | | GeneratedAssetFormat | Automatic | the file format of the result | | GeneratedAssetLocation | \$GeneratedAssetLocation | location of the generated asset | | OverwriteTarget | Automatic | whether to overwrite an existing file | | ShowSubtitles | True | whether to display the subtitle tracks | | SubtitleEncoding | Automatic | subtitle encoding to use | | SubtitleStyle | {} | subtitle style to use | | VideoEncoding | Automatic | video encoding to use | | VideoTransparency | False | whether the output video should have a transparency channel | --- ## Examples (14) ### Basic Examples (2) Generate a video with no audio: ```wl In[1]:= v = AnimationVideo[LinearGradientImage[Hue[t], {200, 100}], {t, 0, 1}] Out[1]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-6nlv9)"]\) ``` Combine the video with an audio object: ```wl In[2]:= VideoCombine[{v, ExampleData[{"Audio", "Drums"}]}] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-bnhm5)"]\) ``` Check the properties of the final video: ```wl In[3]:= Information[%] Out[3]= InformationData[Association["ObjectType" -> "Video", "Duration" -> Quantity[5.033, "Seconds"], "RasterSize" -> Automatic, "BitRate" -> Quantity[156843, "Bits"/"Seconds"], "VideoTracks" -> Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSi ... iesDump`rest___]] :> Quantity[NumberForm[ N[Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`x], {10, 2}], Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`rest]] & )]], "ResourcePath" -> File["/Users/user/Documents/Wolfram/Video/VideoCombine-2023-08-03T13-52-07.mp4"]], True] ``` --- Add some text as subtitles: ```wl In[1]:= v = AnimationVideo[LinearGradientImage[Hue[t], {200, 100}], {t, 0, 1}]; In[2]:= VideoCombine[{v, {"Hello", "this is my subtitle"}}] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-ahmpx)"]\) ``` ### Scope (4) Combine an image and an audio track: ```wl In[1]:= v = VideoCombine[{RandomImage[], Audio["ExampleData/rule30.wav"]}] Out[1]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-1stn0)"]\) In[2]:= Information[v] Out[2]= InformationData[Association["ObjectType" -> "Video", "Duration" -> Quantity[1.8, "Seconds"], "RasterSize" -> Automatic, "BitRate" -> Quantity[788075, "Bits"/"Seconds"], "VideoTracks" -> Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize ... iesDump`rest___]] :> Quantity[NumberForm[ N[Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`x], {10, 2}], Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`rest]] & )]], "ResourcePath" -> File["/Users/user/Documents/Wolfram/Video/VideoCombine-2024-10-30T18-29-24.mp4"]], True] ``` --- Combine two video tracks into a single video: ```wl In[1]:= v = VideoCombine[{VideoGenerator[RandomImage[]], VideoGenerator[RandomImage[1, 500]]}] Out[1]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-ckn31)"]\) In[2]:= Information[v, "VideoTracks"] Out[2]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {150, 150}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {500, 500}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` --- Combine two ``Video`` objects with video, audio and subtitle tracks: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; In[2]:= v = VideoCombine[{v1, v2}] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-72tzj)"]\) In[3]:= Information[%%] Out[3]= InformationData[Association["ObjectType" -> "Video", "Duration" -> Quantity[15.021, "Seconds"], "RasterSize" -> Automatic, "BitRate" -> Quantity[1368337, "Bits"/"Seconds"], "VideoTracks" -> Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRaster ... iesDump`rest___]] :> Quantity[NumberForm[ N[Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`x], {10, 2}], Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`rest]] & )]], "ResourcePath" -> File["/Users/user/Documents/Wolfram/Video/VideoCombine-2024-12-19T14-08-11.mp4"]], True] ``` --- If a video has multiple tracks, use the track selection options to select which tracks to combine: ```wl In[1]:= v = VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv", AudioTrackSelection -> 3], Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv", AudioTrackSelection -> 1]}] Out[1]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-ismps)"]\) In[2]:= Information[v, "AudioTracks"] Out[2]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "VORBIS", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "VORBIS", "AudioChannels" -> 2, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[48000, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` ### Options (5) #### GeneratedAssetLocation (2) Assets are automatically generated in the ``"Video"`` folder within ``\$WolframDocumentsDirectory`` : ```wl In[1]:= Information[VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"], ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}], "ResourcePath"] Out[1]= File["/Users/user/Documents/Wolfram/Video/VideoCombine-b4d757f7-9808-4212-93da-643fa6a074d4.mkv"] ``` Specify the location of the asset created by ``VideoGenerator`` : ```wl In[2]:= v = VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"], ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}, GeneratedAssetLocation -> "file.mp4"]; Information[v, "ResourcePath"] Out[2]= File["file.mp4"] ``` --- Use a ``LocalObject`` as the asset for the resulting ``Video`` object: ```wl In[1]:= v = VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"], ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}, GeneratedAssetLocation -> LocalObject[]]; Information[v, "ResourcePath"] Out[1]= LocalObject["file:///Users/user/Library/Wolfram/Objects/5741c499-b6ef-4c4c-884a-d86db458f1f7"] ``` #### OverwriteTarget (1) By default, if a file already exists it is not overwritten: ```wl In[1]:= VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"], ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}, GeneratedAssetLocation -> "file.mp4"]; ``` VideoCombine::filex: file.mp4 already exists. Use ``OverwriteTarget -> True`` to overwrite an existing file: ```wl In[2]:= v = VideoCombine[{Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"], ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}, GeneratedAssetLocation -> "file.mp4", OverwriteTarget -> True]; Information[v, "ResourcePath"] Out[2]= File["file.mp4"] ``` #### ShowSubtitles (1) By default, subtitle tracks are displayed: ```wl In[1]:= v = AnimationVideo[LinearGradientImage[Hue[t], {200, 100}], {t, 0, 1}]; In[2]:= VideoCombine[{v, {"Hello", "this is my subtitle"}}] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-96a8t)"]\) ``` Turn off the subtitle track display: ```wl In[3]:= VideoCombine[{v, {"Hello", "this is my subtitle"}}, ShowSubtitles -> False] Out[3]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-at3jb)"]\) ``` #### SubtitleStyle (1) Combine subtitles with a video using default style: ```wl In[1]:= a = ExampleData[{"Audio", "Apollo11ReturnSafely"}]; In[2]:= v = VideoGenerator[Entity["MannedSpaceMission", "Apollo11"]["Image"], Duration[a]]; In[3]:= VideoCombine[{v, a, "You will return safely to earth."}] Out[3]= \!\(\*VideoBox[...]\) In[4]:= VideoExtractTracks[%, "SubtitleRules"] Out[4]= {{Quantity[Interval[{0, 2.567000000000001}], "Seconds"] -> Text["You will return safely to earth.", {Center, 10}, {0, -1}, {1, 0}]}} ``` Specify the text style for the subtitle track: ```wl In[5]:= out = VideoCombine[{v, a, "You will return safely to earth."}, SubtitleStyle -> {Italic, Orange, Bold, Larger, FontFamily -> "Big Caslon", Background -> LightGreen}]; In[6]:= VideoExtractTracks[out, "SubtitleRules"] Out[6]= {{Quantity[Interval[{0, 2.567000000000001}], "Seconds"] -> Text[***"You will return safely to earth."***, {Center, Bottom}, {0, -1}, {1, 0}]}} ``` ### Applications (1) Generate a video from a ``Manipulate`` and add audio to it: ```wl In[1]:= m = Video[Manipulate[Plot[Sin[x(1 + a x)], {x, 0, 6}], {a, 0, 2}]] Out[1]= [image] ``` Combine the generated video with an audio track: ```wl In[2]:= VideoCombine[{m, ExampleData[{"Audio", "PianoScale"}]}] Out[2]= [image] In[3]:= Information[%] Out[3]= [image] ``` ### Properties & Relations (2) By default, all tracks are included with their original durations: ```wl In[1]:= v = AnimationVideo[LinearGradientImage[Hue[t]], {t, 0, 1}]; In[2]:= a = ExampleData[{"Audio", "Bee"}]; In[3]:= Duration /@ {v, a} Out[3]= {Quantity[5.034, "Seconds"], Quantity[2.437233560090703, "Seconds"]} In[4]:= Import[Information[VideoCombine[{v, a}], "ResourcePath"], "ExactDurations"] Out[4]= <|"Video" -> Quantity[5.033333333333333, "Seconds"], "Audio" -> Quantity[2.4370068027210885, "Seconds"]|> ``` Pad the audio track to the duration of the video track: ```wl In[5]:= VideoCombine[{v, AudioPad[a, Duration[v] - Duration[a], "Periodic"]}]; ``` Check track durations of the final video: ```wl In[6]:= Import[Information[%, "ResourcePath"], "ExactDurations"] Out[6]= <|"Video" -> Quantity[5.033333333333333, "Seconds"], "Audio" -> Quantity[5.033990929705215, "Seconds"]|> ``` --- The track order in the result is determined by the order of the input: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = VideoGenerator[RandomImage[]];v2 = VideoGenerator[RandomImage[1, 500]]; In[2]:= Information[VideoCombine[{v1, v2}], "VideoTracks"] Out[2]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {150, 150}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {500, 500}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] In[3]:= Information[VideoCombine[{v2, v1}], "VideoTracks"] Out[3]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {500, 500}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {150, 150}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` ## See Also * [`Video`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Video.en.md) * [`VideoTrim`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoTrim.en.md) * [`VideoJoin`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoJoin.en.md) * [`VideoSplit`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoSplit.en.md) * [`VideoDelete`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoDelete.en.md) * [`VideoTranscode`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoTranscode.en.md) * [`VideoGenerator`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoGenerator.en.md) * [`AudioGenerator`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AudioGenerator.en.md) * [`MP4`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/MP4.en.md) * [`QuickTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/QuickTime.en.md) * [`Matroska`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/Matroska.en.md) ## Related Guides * [Video Computation: Update History](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoComputation-UpdateHistory.en.md) * [Video Editing](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoEditing.en.md) ## History * [Introduced in 2020 (12.2)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn122.en.md) \| [Updated in 2021 (12.3)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn123.en.md) ▪ [2025 (14.2)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn142.en.md)