AxisObject[path]
是一种 Graphics 基元,可以表示一条在沿途路径 path 上有量化刻度的轴.
AxisObject[path,scale]
使用由 scale 指定的刻度.
AxisObject
AxisObject[path]
是一种 Graphics 基元,可以表示一条在沿途路径 path 上有量化刻度的轴.
AxisObject[path,scale]
使用由 scale 指定的刻度.
更多信息和选项
- AxisObject[…] 表示一条可以放置于任意图形的通用轴.
- 一条轴由路径(用于决定轴绘制的位置)、标尺刻度(用于控制坐标如何映射到路径上的值)和选项(用于影响轴、标签和刻度的具体样式)组成.
- path 的可能设置包括:
-
{pt1,pt2} 通过点 pt1 和 pt2 的轴 {"Horizontal",y0} 通过
的水平轴{"Horizontal",y0,{xmin,xmax}} 从
到
的水平轴{"Vertical",x0} 通过
的纵轴{"Vertical",x0,{ymin,ymax}} 从
到
的纵轴InfiniteLine[{pt1,pt2}] 通过点 pt1 和 pt2 无限轴 InfiniteLine[pt,v] 在方向 v 上经过点 pt 的无限轴 Line[{pt1,pt2}] 从点 pt1 到点 pt2 的有限轴 Line[{pt1,…,ptn}] 从点 pt1 到点 ptn 的曲线轴 HalfLine[{pt1,pt2}] 从点 pt1 到 pt2 的半轴 HalfLine[pt,v] 在方向 v 上从点 pt 出发的半轴 BSplineCurve[…] 沿着给定 B 样条曲线的轴 BezierCurve[…] 沿着给定贝塞尔曲线的轴 Circle[…] 沿着给定圆或弧的轴 - 轴的无限形式会一直绘制到图形的边缘.
- 默认情况下,"Horizontal" 和 "Vertical" 轴使用自然标尺,轴上的值会对应底层图形坐标中的水平和竖直分量.
- scale 的可能设置包括:
-
{val1,val2} 在轴的起始处使用 val1 在结尾处使用 val2 {loc1val1,loc2val2} 分别在位置 loc1 和 loc2 处使用 val1 和 val2 - 对于无限轴而言,“起始”和“结束”点分别为 pt1 和 pt2.
- 对于 "Horizontal" 和 "Vertical" 轴而言,位置 loci 可通过 x 和 y 坐标进行指定.
- 位置 loci 用于定义一条轴上值的刻度,但不一定要在图形中显示出来.
- 若位置 loci 不在轴上,则会被映射到离其最近的轴上的点.
- AxisObject 可能的选项包括:
-
AxisLabel None 如何为轴添加标签 AxisStyle {} 如何为轴路径添加样式 BaseStyle {} 轴的一般样式 LabelStyle {} 如何为标签添加样式 RotateLabel False 如何旋转轴标签 TickDirection Automatic 轴的哪一边可以用于放置刻度 TickLabelOrientation None 如何旋转刻度标签 TickLabelPositioning Automatic 何处放置刻度标签 TickLabels Automatic 如何为为刻度添加标签 TickLengths Automatic 绘制刻度的长度 TickPositions Automatic 沿着轴何处放置刻度 Ticks Automatic 单个刻度 TicksStyle {} 如何为刻度添加样式 - 刻度和标签选项的设置要么是 optspec 的格式,对所有刻度和标签都使用 spec,要么是 opt{spec1,…,specn} 的格式,其中 speci 对应相关刻度和标签集合的设置集合.
- 绘制轴的时候通常会带两组刻度:“主要”刻度更长且有标签,“次要”刻度会更短且没有标签.
- 默认情况下,轴标签位于轴的末端.
- AxisLabelPlaced[label,pos] 可用于指定轴标签的位置.
- Placed 可使用下列位置 pos:
-
"Start" 轴的起始端 "End" 轴的末端 Center 轴的中心位置 Above,Below,Before,After 相对于轴的位置 - TickPositions 的 speci 可能设置有:
-
Automatic 自动计算刻度 n 使用约 n 个刻度 {dx} 使用为 dx 倍数的刻度 {min,max,dx} 使用以 dx 为步进的从 min 到 max 的刻度 {{t1,t2,…,tm}} 使用特定刻度 ti - TickLabels 的 speci 的可能设置包括:
-
Automatic 自动为刻度添加标签 All 包括标签 None 忽略标签 {lab1,lab2,…,labm} 使用 labi 为位置 ti 添加标签 - 仅有 spec1 的 TickLabels 的 Automatic 设置为 All,其他都为 None.
- TickLengths 中的 speci 设置为:
- z
Automatic 自动长度 None 省略刻度记号 Scaled[s] 使用缩放长度 Offset[s] 使用绝对长度 "Major" 使用主要刻度的默认长度 "Minor" 对次要刻度使用默认长度 Tiny,Small,Medium,Large 有名称的长度 - TickDirectiondir 指定了在哪个方向 dir 上,刻度应在相对坐标轴的位置绘制.
-

Automatic 自动选择的方向 
"Inward" 向着图形的中心 
"Outward" 远离图形的中心 
"InwardOutward" 跨越坐标轴 
Left 向左 
Right 向右 
Up 向上 
Down 向下 - TickLabelPositioningpos 指定相对于刻度绘制的标签的位置 pos.
- pos 的可能设置包括:
-

"Base" 在刻度与轴相交处的底端 
"Tip" 在刻度的尖端 
Before 标签的末端在刻度之前 
After 标签的前端在刻度之后 - RotateLabel 和 TickLabelOrientation 的可能设置包括:
-
None, "Horizontal" 不旋转标签 "Vertical" 将标签逆时针旋转 90° "Parallel" 将标签旋转到与轴平行 "Perpendicular" 将标签旋转到与轴垂直 θ 从水平方向开始将标签逆时针旋转
角度
范例
打开所有单元 关闭所有单元基本范例 (4)
Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0}], PlotRange -> {{-2, 2}, {-1, 1}}]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-1, 1}}], PlotRange -> {{-2, 2}, {-1, 1}}]Graphics[{AxisObject[{"Vertical", 1, {0, 1}}], AxisObject[{"Vertical", 2, {0, 2}}], AxisObject[{"Vertical", 3, {0, 3}}]}, PlotRange -> {{0, 3}, {0, 3}}]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{-1, -1}, {2, 2}}]], Frame -> True, PlotRange -> 3]范围 (9)
轴的布局和缩放 (6)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{-1, -1}, {1, 1}}]], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{-1, -1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[InfiniteLine[{{-1, -1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[InfiniteLine[{-1, -1}, {1, 1}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[HalfLine[{{0, 0}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[HalfLine[{0, 0}, {1, 1}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[BezierCurve[{{-1, -1}, {-1, 1}, {1, 1}}]], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[BezierCurve[{{-1, -1}, {-1, 1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[BSplineCurve[{{-1, -1}, {-1, 1}, {1, 1}}]], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[BSplineCurve[{{-1, -1}, {-1, 1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}], PlotRange -> 2]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[Table[{t Cos[t], t Sin[t]}, {t, 0, 5Pi, 0.1}]]]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[Table[{t Cos[t], t Sin[t]}, {t, 0, 5Pi, 0.1}]], {0, 10}]]刻度布局 (3)
Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {5}]]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {5, 5}]]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {{-5, 5, 1}}]]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {{-5, 5, 1}, {-5, 5, 0.2}}]]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {{{-5, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5}}}]]Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {-5, 5}}, TickPositions -> {{{-5, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5}}, {-5, 5, 1}}, TickLabels -> {All, None}]]选项 (39)
AxisLabel (4)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> "hello"]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", "Start"]]]{Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", Above]]], Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", Below]]]}{Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", Before]]], Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", After]]]}Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", Center]]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisLabel -> Placed["hello", Center], RotateLabel -> "Parallel"]]AxisStyle (3)
AxisStyle 仅影响轴路径的样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisStyle -> Blue]]AxisStyleTransparent 会隐藏轴曲线,只留下刻度和标签:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisStyle -> Transparent]]AxisStyle 继承轴的总体基本样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisStyle -> Thick, BaseStyle -> Red]]BaseStyle (3)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, BaseStyle -> Red]]AxisStyle 仅影响轴路径的样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, AxisStyle -> Blue, BaseStyle -> Red]]TicksStyle 影响刻度的样式,包括它们的标签:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TicksStyle -> Blue, BaseStyle -> Red]]LabelStyle (4)
LabelStyle 仅影响标签的样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, LabelStyle -> Blue]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, LabelStyle -> Blue, BaseStyle -> Red]]使用 LabelStylesize 可指定标签的字体大小:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, LabelStyle -> 16]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, LabelStyle -> {FontFamily -> "Times", 15}]]LabelStyle 继承了轴的整体基础样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, LabelStyle -> 16, BaseStyle -> Red]]TickDirection (4)
Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{-2, -3}, {2, -3}}], {0, 10}], AxisObject[Line[{{-2, 3}, {2, 3}}], {0, 10}], AxisObject[Line[{{-3, -2}, {-3, 2}}], {0, 10}], AxisObject[Line[{{3, -2}, {3, 2}}], {0, 10}]}]Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{-2, -3}, {2, -3}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Inward"], AxisObject[Line[{{-2, 3}, {2, 3}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Inward"], AxisObject[Line[{{-3, -2}, {-3, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Inward"], AxisObject[Line[{{3, -2}, {3, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Inward"]}]Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{-2, -3}, {2, -3}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Outward"], AxisObject[Line[{{-2, 3}, {2, 3}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Outward"], AxisObject[Line[{{-3, -2}, {-3, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Outward"], AxisObject[Line[{{3, -2}, {3, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> "Outward"]}]Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{-1, -1}, {-1, 1}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Right], AxisObject[Line[{{1, -1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Left]}]Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{-1, -1}, {1, -1}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Up], AxisObject[Line[{{-1, 1}, {1, 1}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Down]}]TickLabels (3)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLabels -> Automatic]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{0, 10, 2}, {1, 9, 2}}, TickLabels -> {All, None}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{0, 10, 2}, {1, 9, 2}}, TickLabels -> {None, All}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{0, 10, 1}}, TickLabels -> {CharacterRange["a", "k"]}]]TickLabelOrientation (5)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLabelOrientation -> "Horizontal"]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLabelOrientation -> "Vertical"]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLabelOrientation -> "Parallel"]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLabelOrientation -> "Perpendicular"]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 0}}], {0, 10}, TickLabelOrientation -> 45Degree]]TickLabelPositioning (2)
Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{0, 2}, {10, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Down], AxisObject[Line[{{0, -2}, {10, -2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Up]}]Graphics[{AxisObject[Line[{{0, 2}, {10, 2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Down, TickLabelPositioning -> "Tip"], AxisObject[Line[{{0, -2}, {10, -2}}], {0, 10}, TickDirection -> Up, TickLabelPositioning -> "Tip"]}]TickLengths (3)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLengths -> 0.1]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickLengths -> {0.2, 0.1}]]TickPositions (5)
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {6}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {6, 6}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{1}}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{0, 5, 1}}]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{{1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10}}}]]TicksStyle (3)
TicksStyle 为刻度标记和标签指定样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TicksStyle -> Blue]]Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TickPositions -> {{0, 10, 2}, {1, 9, 2}}, TickLengths -> 0.1, TicksStyle -> {Red, Blue}]]TicksStyle 继承轴的整体基本样式:
Graphics[AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {10, 10}}], {0, 10}, TicksStyle -> Thick, BaseStyle -> Red]]应用 (2)
Graphics[AxisObject[{"Horizontal", 0, {0, 12}}, {0, 5}, TickPositions -> {{0, 6, 1}, {0.5, 6, 1}, {0.25, 6, 0.5}, {0.125, 6, 0.25}}, TickLabels -> {Automatic, Automatic, Automatic, None}, TickLengths -> {0.75, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3}, TickDirection -> Up, TickLabelPositioning -> "Tip", AxisLabel -> Placed["INCH", {0.0, {1.1, 1.2}}], RotateLabel -> 270 °]]ternaryFrame = Graphics[{
AxisObject[Line[{{1, 0}, {0, 0}}], {0, 100}, AxisLabel -> Placed["Component A", {0.5, {0.5, 2.5}}], RotateLabel -> Automatic, TickDirection -> "Inward"], AxisObject[Line[{{0, 0}, {0.5, Sqrt[3] / 2.}}], {0, 100}, AxisLabel -> Placed["Component B", {0.5, {0.5, -2.0}}], RotateLabel -> 60Degree, TickDirection -> "Inward"], AxisObject[Line[{{0.5, Sqrt[3] / 2.}, {1, 0}}], {0, 100}, AxisLabel -> Placed["Component C", {0.5, {0.5, -2.0}}], RotateLabel -> -60Degree, TickDirection -> "Inward"]}, PlotRange -> {{0, 1}, {0, 1}}]ternary[{x_, y_, z_}] := Normalize[{x, y, z}, Total].{{0, 0}, {0.5, Sqrt[3] / 2.}, {1, 0}}data = Table[Tooltip[Point[ternary[{x, y, z}]], {x, y, z}], {x, 0, 100, 25}, {y, 0, 100, 25}, {z, 0, 100, 25}];Show[Graphics[{Blue, data}], ternaryFrame]相关指南
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- 图形对象
文本
Wolfram Research (2021),AxisObject,Wolfram 语言函数,https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AxisObject.html.
CMS
Wolfram 语言. 2021. "AxisObject." Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. Wolfram Research. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AxisObject.html.
APA
Wolfram 语言. (2021). AxisObject. Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. 追溯自 https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AxisObject.html 年
BibTeX
@misc{reference.wolfram_2026_axisobject, author="Wolfram Research", title="{AxisObject}", year="2021", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AxisObject.html}", note=[Accessed: 15-September-2026]}
BibLaTeX
@online{reference.wolfram_2026_axisobject, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={AxisObject}, year={2021}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AxisObject.html}, note=[Accessed: 15-September-2026]}