Subatomic particles.

Entity["Particle",name] or

represents an entity of type "Particle".

[prop]

gives the value of a specified property.

[{propi,}]

gives the value of a list of properties.

[Dated[prop,date]]

gives the value of a property associated with a particular date specification.

EntityClass["Particle",{propispeci,}]

represents a class of entities with values of propi defined by speci.

Sample Entities

Sample Entity Classes

Properties

  • Antiparticleantiparticle
    BaryonNumberbaryon number
    Bottomnessbottomness
    Chargeelectric charge
    ChargeQuantumNumberelectric charge
    ChargeRadiusroot mean square charge radius
    ChargeStatescharge states
    Charmcharm
    ClassicalRadiusclassical radius
    ComptonWavelengthCompton wavelength
    CParitycharge conjugation
    DecayModesdecay modes
    DecayTypedecay type
    ElectricChargeDensityelectric charge density
    EntityClassesentity classes
    EntityTypeListentity type list
    Excitationsexcitations
    FullDecayModesdecay modes
    FullSymbolfull symbol
    GenericFullSymbolgeneric full symbol
    GenericSymbolgeneric symbol
    GFactorspin gfactor
    GParityGparity
    HalfLifehalflife
    Hyperchargehypercharge
    Isospinisospin
    IsospinGParity
    IsospinMultipletisospin multiplet
    IsospinPartnersisospin partners
    IsospinProjectionisospin projection
    LeptonNumberlepton number
    Lifetimemean lifetime
    Massmass
    MassDensitymass density
    MeanSquareChargeRadiusmean square charge radius
    Membershipsmemberships
    Namename
    Parityparity
    ParticleInteractionsStudiedinteractions studied
    PDGNumberPDG number
    QuarkContentconstituent quarks
    QuarkContentAngularMomentumStateSymbolquark model angular momentum state
    QuarkContentOrbitalAngularMomentumquark content orbital angular momentum quantum number (L)
    QuarkContentTotalSpinquark content total spin quantum number (S)
    Radioactivityradioactivity
    Radiusradius
    Spinspin
    SpinParityspinparity
    SpinParityCParity
    StatisticsTypeparticle statistics
    Strangenessstrangeness
    Symbolsymbol
    Topnesstopness
    Typeparticle type
    UnobservedDecayModesunobserved decay modes
    Widthwidth

Details

  • "Particle" entities include elementary particles, e.g. "Electron" and "Photon", and composite particles, e.g. "PiPlus" and "Proton".
  • "Particle" entity classes include many different kinds of useful groupings of particles, e.g. "Nucleon", which includes "Proton" and "Neutron", or "Pion", which includes both neutral and charged pions.
  • Some properties are available for the "Particle" entity type as a whole and can be given using the form EntityValue["Particle",property]. Such properties include:
  • "Properties"the list of available properties
    "PropertyCanonicalNames"the standard names of available properties
    "SampleEntities"a sample list of available entities (typically of length 10)
    "SampleEntityClasses"a sample list of available entity classes (typically of length 10)
    "EntityCount"number of entities available
    "Entities"the list of available entities
    "EntityCanonicalNames"the standard names of available entities
    "EntityClasses"the list of available entity classes
    "EntityClassCanonicalNames"the standard names of available entity classes
    "PropertyClasses"the list of available property classes
    "PropertyClassCanonicalNames"the standard names of available property classes
    "PropertyCount"number of properties available
  • The following annotations can be used in the third argument of EntityValue["Particle",property,annotation]:
  • "Source"source information for the property
    "Date"the date associated with the entity-property value (if any)
    "EntityAssociation"an association of entities and entity-property values
    "PropertyAssociation"an association of properties and entity-property values
    "EntityPropertyAssociation"an association in which the specified entities are keys, and values are a nested association of properties and entity-property values
    "PropertyEntityAssociation"an association in which the specified properties are keys, and values are a nested association of entities and entity-property values
    "Dataset"a dataset in which the specified entities are keys, and values are an association of property names and entity-property values
  • The following annotations can be used in the second argument of EntityValue[property,annotation]:
  • "Qualifiers"the list of possible qualifiers for the property
    "QualifierValues"the list of possible values that can be given to each qualifier
    "DefaultQualifierValues"the list of default values for the property's qualifiers
    "Description"a brief textual description of the property
    "Definition"a detailed textual definition of the property
    "PhysicalQuantity"the physical quantity associated with the entity-property value
    "Unit"the unit associated with the entity-property value
  • A qualifier value of Automatic indicates that an applicable format of values can be used; e.g. for the "Date" qualifier, this includes a proper date or date span.

Examples

Basic Examples  (4)

Use for entity discovery:

Find a property value for an entity:

Retrieve a dataset of all available properties for an entity:

Find the particles with the greatest radioactivity: