WebP (.webp)

Background & Context

    • Registered MIME type: image/webp
    • WebP raster image format.
    • Binary format.
    • Stores both static and animated images.
    • Stores color bitmaps at a resolution of 8 bits per channel.
    • Supports alpha channels.
    • Introduced in 2010 by Google to provide both lossy and lossless compression of images on the web.

Import & Export

  • Import["file.webp"] imports a WebP file, returning a single Image object or a list of images.
  • Import["file.webp",elem] imports the specified element from a WebP file.
  • The import format can be specified with Import["file","WebP"] or Import["file",{"WebP",elem,…}].
  • Export["file.webp",expr] exports the expression expr to WebP.
  • The expression expr can be any of the following:
  • imagean Image expression
    graphicsrasterized graphics
    expran arbitrary expression, rasterized
    {expr1,expr2,…}an animation of rasterized expressions
    AnimatedImage[…]an animation of an AnimatedImage frame
    Manipulate[…]an animation of a Manipulate expression
  • When exporting graphics or arbitrary expressions, the resulting image has the same raster size as its displayed form.
  • Image objects are by default exported at their raster size.
  • See the following reference pages for full general information:
  • Import, Exportimport from or export to a file
    CloudImport, CloudExportimport from or export to a cloud object
    ImportString, ExportStringimport from or export to a string
    ImportByteArray, ExportByteArrayimport from or export to a byte array

Import Elements

  • General Import elements:
  • "Elements" list of elements and options available in this file
    "Rules"full list of rules for each element and option
    "Options"list of rules for options, properties and settings
  • Data representation elements:
  • "Data"array of color values
    "Graphics"Graphics object representing an image
    "Image"raster image, given as an Image object
    "Thumbnail"thumbnail of the first image
  • Data representation elements for animated WebP files:
  • "AnimatedImage"data returned as AnimatedImage object
    "GraphicsList"data returned as Graphics objects
    "ImageList"data returned as Image objects
    "ThumbnailList"data returned as thumbnails
  • Import by default uses the "Image" element for a static WebP and "ImageList" for an animated WebP.
  • Import of an animated WebP with element "Image" gives the first frame of the animation.
  • Subelements for data elements can be used with animated WebP files in the form {elem,frame}, where frame can be any of the following:
  • nnth frame
    -ncounts from the end
    n;;mfrom n through m
    n;;m;;sfrom n through m with steps of s
    {n1,n2,…}specific frames ni
  • Advanced Import elements:
  • "AnimationRepetitions"how many times the animation is played before stopping
    "BitDepth"bits used to represent each color channel
    "Channels"
  • the number of color channels
    • "ColorProfileData"embedded color profile, given as a ColorProfileData object
    "ColorSpace"color encoding used in the file
    "DisplayDurations"display durations of animation frames, given in seconds
    "ImageCount"number of frames
    "ImageSize"raster dimensions
    "Summary"
  • summary of the file
    • "SummarySlideView"slide view summary of all frames
  • Metadata class elements:
  • "Exif"formatted Exif (Exchange image file format)
    "XMP"formatted XMP (Extensible metadata platform)
    "MetaInformation"combination of all formatted metadata present in the file
  • Raw metadata, as stored in the file, can be imported using "RawExif", "RawXMP" and "RawIPTC" elements, returned as an association.
  • All Exif tags can be imported individually. Common tags include:
  • "ApertureValue"lens aperture
    "DateTime"image creation date and time
    "ExposureTime"exposure time, given in seconds
    "FNumber"F number
    "FocalLength"actual focal length of the lens, given in millimeters
    "Make"manufacturer of the recording equipment
    "Model"model name or model number of the equipment
    "Software"name and version of the software or firmware of the camera or image input device used to generate the image
  • Derived metadata elements:
  • "CameraTopOrientation"
  • orientation of the camera when the picture was taken
    • "FlashUsed"
  • whether the flash was fired
    • "GeoPosition"
  • latitude and longitude represented as GeoPosition object
    • "GPSDateTime"
  • image creation date and time registered by GPS

Options

Examples

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Basic Examples  (4)

Import a WebP file:

Summary of an image:

Import a multi-frame WebP:

Export an image to WebP:

Scope  (8)

Import  (2)

Import a static WebP image:

Summary of a WebP image:

Import an animated WebP:

Summary of an animated WebP:

Summary of frames in an animated WebP:

Export  (6)

Export an image to WebP:

Export graphics to WebP:

Export an arbitrary expression that gets rasterized:

Create an animated WebP file from a list of images:

Create an animated WebP file from an AnimatedImage object:

Create an animated WebP from a Manipulate:

Read the number of exported frames:

Note that duplicate frames are stored as one and the display durations are adjusted accordingly:

Import Elements  (33)

Available Elements  (1)

List of available elements:

Data Representation  (12)

"AnimatedImage"  (1)

Import as an AnimatedImage object:

"Data"  (1)

Import the image data:

Construct images of the proper type:

"Graphics"  (1)

Import as a Graphics object:

"GraphicsList"  (2)

Get the data as a list of Graphics objects:

Specify the frames to import:

"Image"  (1)

Import as an Image object:

This is the default import element for a single-frame WebP:

"ImageList"  (3)

Get the data as a list of Image objects:

This is the default import element for animated WebP:

Specify the frames to import:

"Thumbnail"  (1)

Import thumbnail of an image:

Show the elements that can be imported from this file:

Get the "BitDepth" and "ImageSize" elements:

"ThumbnailList"  (2)

Import a list of thumbnails of a multi-framed image:

Specify the frames to import:

Metadata  (20)

"AnimationRepetitions"  (1)

Get the number of times the animation is expected to repeat:

"BitDepth"  (1)

Get the number of bits used for representing each color channel:

"CameraTopOrientation"  (1)

Get the camera orientation at the capture time:

"Channels"  (1)

Get the color encoding used on export:

"ColorSpace"  (1)

Get the color encoding used on export:

Use ImageColorSpace to get the color space of an imported image:

"DateTime"  (1)

Get the date and time that the image was captured:

"Exif"  (3)

Get Exif metadata:

Extract an individual tag from the association:

Individual Exif tags can also be imported directly:

Some Exif tags are processed to give more detailed information:

Compare with the raw "FlashInfo" tag:

"DisplayDurations"  (1)

Get the duration of each frame in the animations:

"FlashUsed"  (1)

Import a tag that shows whether the flash fired:

"FlashUsed" is a subelement of the "FlashInfo" element:

Extract "FlashUsed" from the full "Exif":

"ImageCount"  (1)

Get the number of frames:

"ImageSize"  (1)

Get the dimensions of the image stored in the file:

Use ImageDimensions on an imported image gives the same result:

"MetaInformation"  (1)

Get all the metadata:

"RawExif"  (1)

Import raw Exif data:

Raw Exif tags return the actual values stored in the file:

When importing "Exif", most tags are processed:

"RawXMP"  (1)

Import unprocessed XMP metadata:

"RedEyeCorrection"  (1)

Check whether a red-eye correction was performed:

"Summary"  (1)

Get the image summary:

"SummarySlideView"  (1)

Get the image frames' summary:

"XMP"  (1)

Get XMP metadata:

Extract the XMP "BasicSchema" metadata:

Import Options  (5)

ImageSize  (1)

By default, images are imported in their full resolution:

Specify the raster size of the imported WebP image:

"ImageTopOrientation"  (1)

By default, images are imported with the top orientation:

Specify the side that is supposed to be on the top:

The correct orientation can also be achieved by rotating the image to be upright:

IncludeMetaInformation  (3)

By default, all available metadata is imported:

Possible classes of metadata for JPEG files are "Exif" and "XMP":

Import the image with no metadata:

Import the image with "XMP" metadata only:

Export Options  (8)

AnimationRepetitions  (1)

By default, animation is set to be repeated infinitely:

Specify the number of repetitions:

CompressionLevel  (1)

By default, no compression is used during export:

A larger CompressionLevel can decrease the file size:

Notice the decreased quality of the exported image:

Compare the change in file size and quality difference using different compression levels:

"DisplayDurations"  (2)

By default, a fixed duration is used for all frames:

Specify the duration of each frame:

Duplicate frames are combined and the frame duration is adjusted accordingly:

ImageSize  (1)

By default, the image is exported in the full resolution:

Specify the raster size of the exported image:

IncludeMetaInformation  (1)

By default, all existing metainformation is exported:

Export no metadata:

"ImageTopOrientation"  (1)

By default, the upright image is exported using "ImageTopOrientation"->Top:

Specify the raster size of the exported image:

IncludeMetaInformation  (1)

By default, all existing metainformation is exported:

Specify the metadata to include:

Export no metadata: