SpheroidalS2

SpheroidalS2[n,m,γ,z]

gives the radial spheroidal function of the second kind.

Details

  • Mathematical function, suitable for both symbolic and numerical manipulation.
  • The radial spheroidal functions satisfy the differential equation with the spheroidal eigenvalue given by SpheroidalEigenvalue[n,m,γ].
  • The are normalized according to the Meixner–Schäfke scheme.
  • SpheroidalS2 can be evaluated to arbitrary numerical precision.
  • SpheroidalS2 automatically threads over lists. »

Examples

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Basic Examples  (5)

Evaluate numerically:

Plot over a subset of the reals:

Plot over a subset of the complexes:

Series expansion at the origin:

Series expansion at a singular point:

Scope  (22)

Numerical Evaluation  (5)

Evaluate numerically:

Evaluate to high precision:

The precision of the output tracks the precision of the input:

Complex number inputs:

Evaluate efficiently at high precision:

Compute the elementwise values of an array using automatic threading:

Or compute the matrix SpheroidalS2 function using MatrixFunction:

Specific Values  (5)

Simple exact values are generated automatically:

Singular points:

Find the first positive maximum of SpheroidalS2[2,0,5,x]:

SpheroidalS2 functions become elementary if and :

TraditionalForm typesetting:

Visualization  (3)

Plot the SpheroidalS2 function for integer orders:

Plot the SpheroidalS2 function for non-integer parameters:

Plot the real part of :

Plot the imaginary part of :

Function Properties  (5)

SpheroidalS2 is not an analytic function:

TemplateBox[{1, 2, {pi, /, 2}, x}, SpheroidalS2] has both singularities and discontinuities for :

TemplateBox[{1, 2, {pi, /, 2}, x}, SpheroidalS2] is neither non-decreasing nor non-increasing:

TemplateBox[{1, 2, {pi, /, 2}, x}, SpheroidalS2] is not injective:

SpheroidalS2 is neither non-negative nor non-positive:

SpheroidalS2 is neither convex nor concave:

Differentiation  (2)

First derivative with respect to :

Higher derivatives with respect to :

Plot the higher derivatives with respect to when , and :

Series Expansions  (2)

Find the Taylor expansion using Series:

Plots of the first three approximations around :

Taylor expansion at a generic point:

Applications  (1)

Plot prolate and oblate functions:

Possible Issues  (1)

Spheroidal functions do not evaluate for half-integer values of n and generic values of m:

Wolfram Research (2007), SpheroidalS2, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html.

Text

Wolfram Research (2007), SpheroidalS2, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html.

CMS

Wolfram Language. 2007. "SpheroidalS2." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (2007). SpheroidalS2. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_spheroidals2, author="Wolfram Research", title="{SpheroidalS2}", year="2007", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html}", note=[Accessed: 26-July-2025 ]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2025_spheroidals2, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={SpheroidalS2}, year={2007}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SpheroidalS2.html}, note=[Accessed: 26-July-2025 ]}