The Wolfram System gives convenient machine-independent programmatic access to a broad range of information about your computer system.

SystemInformation — information on kernel, front end, and computer system

$Version — Wolfram Language kernel version

$VersionNumber  ▪  $ReleaseNumber  ▪  $CreationDate

$System — human-readable computer system type

$SystemID — binary-compatible system identifier ("Windows", "Windows-x86-64", etc.)

$OperatingSystem — basic operating system ("Windows", "MacOSX", "Unix")

$MachineType — basic machine type ("PC", "Macintosh", "Sun", etc.)

$SystemWordLength — 32-bit or 64-bit machine

$ProcessorCount — number of processor cores

$ProcessorType  ▪  $ByteOrdering  ▪  $SystemCharacterEncoding  ▪  $TimeUnit

Machine Numerics

$MachinePrecision  ▪  $MachineEpsilon  ▪  $MaxMachineNumber  ▪  $MinMachineNumber  ▪  $MaxNumber  ▪  $MinNumber

System Environment

Environment  ▪  $Username  ▪  $ProcessID  ▪  $ParentProcessID  ▪  $CommandLine  ▪  $SystemShell

System & License Management »

$MachineName  ▪  $MachineID  ▪  $LicenseID  ▪  $MachineDomains  ▪  ...

Cloud & Authentication Information »

$CloudBase  ▪  $CloudUserID  ▪  $WolframID  ▪  $WolframUUID  ▪  ...

System Capabilities

$Packages  ▪  $ImportFormats  ▪  $ExportFormats  ▪  $CharacterEncodings  ▪  $FontFamilies

Network Information

$NetworkConnected  ▪  $MachineDomains  ▪  $MachineAddresses  ▪  $NetworkInterfaces

Connected Peripherals

Devices  ▪  $ImagingDevices  ▪  $AudioInputDevices  ▪  $AudioOutputDevices