The Wolfram Language provides detailed control over HTTP requests and responses, based on symbolic representations of the requests and responses.

HTTPRequest — symbolic representation of an HTTP request

HTTPResponse — symbolic representation of an HTTP response

Special HTTP Responses

HTTPRedirect  ▪  HTTPErrorResponse

URLDispatcher — deliver content based on URL structure

Functions Setting Up Special HTTP Responses »

CloudDeploy  ▪  APIFunction  ▪  Delayed  ▪  ResponseForm  ▪  ...

GenerateHTTPResponse — generate the full HTTP response from an API function etc.

Accessing Request Metadata in Cloud Functions »

HTTPRequestData — complete information on an incoming HTTP request

$UserAgentString  ▪  $GeoLocation  ▪  $WolframID  ▪  ...

Functions Making HTTP Requests

URLRead — send an HTTP request and read back the HTTP response

URLExecute — execute an HTTP request, importing the results

URLDownload — execute an HTTP request, downloading the results

Asynchronous HTTP Requests

URLSubmit — submit an HTTP request for asynchronous execution

URLDownloadSubmit — submit an HTTP request, downloading the results

HandlerFunctions  ▪  HandlerFunctionsKeys

Options to HTTP Requests

TimeConstraint  ▪  FollowRedirects  ▪  VerifySecurityCertificates

Cookie Management »

CookieFunction — what to do with cookies received in an HTTP response

SetCookies  ▪  FindCookies  ▪  $Cookies  ▪  ...

Authentication

Authentication — specify login and other authentication credentials

AuthenticationDialog  ▪  PermissionsKey  ▪  SecuredAuthenticationKey

URL Utilities »

URLEncode  ▪  URLParse  ▪  URLShorten  ▪  ...

Low-Level Network Operations »

URLResponseTime — find timings for URL responses

$NetworkConnected  ▪  PingTime  ▪  SocketConnect  ▪  SocketObject  ▪  ...

Web Browser Automation »

StartWebSession — start a web session, returning a web session object

WebExecute — execute commands through a web browser

WebSessionObject  ▪  $CurrentWebSession  ▪  WebElementObject  ▪  ...