DensityHistogram

DensityHistogram[{{x1,y1},{x2,y2},}]

plots a density histogram of the values {xi,yi}.

DensityHistogram[{{x1,y1},{x2,y2},},bspec]

plots a density histogram with bins specified by bspec.

DensityHistogram[{{x1,y1},{x2,y2},},bspec,hspec]

plots a density histogram with bin densities computed according to the specification hspec.

Details and Options

  • DensityHistogram[data] by default plots a histogram with equal bins chosen to approximate an assumed underlying smooth distribution of the values {xi,yi}.
  • The width of each bin is computed according to the values xi, and the width according to the values yi.
  • The following bin specifications bspec can be given:
  • nuse n bins
    {w}use bins of width w
    {min,max,w}use bins of width w from min to max
    {{b1,b2,}}use bins [b1,b2),[b2,b3),
    Automaticdetermine bin widths automatically
    "name"use a named binning method
    {"Log",bspec}apply binning bspec on log transformed data
    fbapply fb to get an explicit bin specification {b1,b2,}
    {xspec,yspec}give different x and y specifications
  • The binning specification "Log" is taken to use the Automatic underlying binning method.
  • Possible named binning methods include:
  • "Sturges"compute the number of bins based on the length of data
    "Scott"asymptotically minimize the mean square error
    "FreedmanDiaconis"twice the interquartile range divided by the cube root of sample size
    "Knuth"balance likelihood and prior probability of a piecewise uniform model
    "Wand"one-level recursive approximate Wand binning
  • The function fb in DensityHistogram[data,fb] is applied to a list of all {xi,yi}, and should return an explicit bin list {{bx1,bx2,},{by1,by2,}}. In DensityHistogram[data,{fx,fy}], fx is applied to the list of xi, and fy to the list of yi.
  • Different forms of density histogram can be obtained by giving different bin density specifications hspec in DensityHistogram[data,bspec,hspec]. The following forms can be used:
  • "Count"number of elements in each bin
    "CumulativeCount"cumulative counts
    "SurvivalCount"survival counts
    "Probability"fraction of values lying in each bin
    "Intensity"counts divided by bin area
    "PDF"probability density function
    "CDF"cumulative distribution function
    "SF"survival function
    "HF"hazard function
    "CHF"cumulative hazard function
    {"Log",hspec}log transformed height specification
    fhheights obtained by applying fh to bins and counts
  • The function fh in DensityHistogram[data,bspec,fh] is applied to three arguments: a list of bins {{bx1,bx2},{bx2,},}, a list of bins {{by1,by2},{by2,},}, and the corresponding 2D array of counts {{c11,c12,},{c21,},}. The function should return an array of densities to be used for each of the cij.
  • Only values {xi,yi} that consist of real numbers are assigned to bins; others are taken to be missing.
  • DensityHistogram has the same options as Graphics with the following additions and changes:
  • AspectRatio 1ratio of height to width
    ChartBaseStyle Automaticoverall style for tiles
    ChartElementFunction Automatichow to generate raw graphics for tiles
    ClippingStyleNonehow to draw values clipped by PlotRange
    ColorFunction Automatichow to color the plot
    ColorFunctionScaling Truewhether to scale the argument to ColorFunction
    FrameTruewhether to draw a frame around the plot
    FrameTicksAutomaticframe tick marks
    LabelingFunction Automatichow to label elements
    Method Automaticthe method to use for refining the plot
    PerformanceGoal $PerformanceGoalaspects of performance to try to optimize
    PlotRangeAutomaticthe range of f or other values to include
    PlotRangeClippingTruewhether to clip at the plot range
    PlotRangePaddingAutomatichow much to pad the range of values
    PlotTheme $PlotThemeoverall theme for the plot
    ScalingFunctionsNonehow to scale individual coordinates
  • The arguments supplied to ChartElementFunction are the bin region {{xmin,xmax},{ymin,ymax}}, the bin values lists, and metadata {m1,m2,}.
  • The argument supplied to ColorFunction is the density for each bin.
  • With ScalingFunctions->{sx,sy,sz}, the coordinate is scaled using sx etc.
  • Style and other options are effectively applied in the order ChartBaseStyle, ColorFunction, and ChartElementFunction, with later specifications overriding earlier ones.

Examples

open allclose all

Basic Examples  (2)

Plot a density histogram for a dataset:

Plot the probability density function of the data:

Cumulative distribution function:

Survival function:

Hazard function:

Cumulative hazard function:

Scope  (12)

Data  (8)

Specify the number of bins to use:

Specify a different number of bins to use in x and y:

Specify the bin width:

Specify a different bin width to use in x and y:

Specify bin delimiters:

Specify different bin delimiters to use in x and y:

Specify bin delimiters as an explicit list:

Specify different bin delimiters to use in x and y:

Use different automatic binning methods:

Use different height specifications:

Use a height function that accumulates the bin counts over the y direction:

Nonreal data is taken to be missing:

Presentation  (4)

Add labels:

Color the surface by height:

Style bins:

Use plot theme:

Options  (25)

AspectRatio  (4)

By default, DensityHistogram uses the same width and height:

Specify the height to width ratio:

Use Automatic to determine the ratio from the values:

AspectRatioFull adjusts the height and width to tightly fit inside other constructs:

ChartBaseStyle  (3)

Use ChartBaseStyle to style bins:

ChartBaseStyle combines with ColorFunction:

ColorFunction may override settings for ChartBaseStyle:

ChartElementFunction  (3)

Get a list of built-in settings for ChartElementFunction:

For detailed settings, use Palettes ChartElementSchemes:

Write a custom ChartElementFunction:

ColorFunction  (5)

Color by height:

Named color gradients color in the direction:

Use brightness to correspond to height or density of a function:

Use ColorFunctionScaling->False to get unscaled height values:

Use ColorFunction to combine different style effects:

ColorFunctionScaling  (2)

By default, scaled height values are used:

Use ColorFunctionScaling->False to get unscaled height values:

LabelingFunction  (3)

Use automatic labeling by values through Tooltip and StatusArea:

Do no labeling:

Use Placed to control label placement:

Method  (2)

Show data of each dimension on axes:

Use a box-whisker glyph to show how data distributes in each dimension:

PerformanceGoal  (1)

Generate a bar chart with interactive highlighting:

Emphasize performance by disabling interactive behaviors:

Typically, less memory is required for non-interactive charts:

PlotTheme  (2)

Use simple ticks in a bright color scheme:

Change color scheme:

Applications  (3)

Estimate the density of volcanic craters in western Uganda:

Volcanic crater locations:

A scaling function for labeling:

The estimated density with a scaled legend:

Density histogram for a multivariate time slice of a random process:

Analyze TemporalData by plotting a density histogram for two-dimensional time slices:

Properties & Relations  (4)

DensityHistogram automatically determines bins to use based on data:

DensityHistogram colors the height according to ColorFunction:

Use Histogram3D to visualize data in 3D:

Use SmoothDensityHistogram and SmoothHistogram3D to compare estimated distribution with the data:

Neat Examples  (1)

Wolfram Research (2010), DensityHistogram, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html (updated 2015).

Text

Wolfram Research (2010), DensityHistogram, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html (updated 2015).

CMS

Wolfram Language. 2010. "DensityHistogram." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2015. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (2010). DensityHistogram. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2022_densityhistogram, author="Wolfram Research", title="{DensityHistogram}", year="2015", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html}", note=[Accessed: 24-March-2023 ]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2022_densityhistogram, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={DensityHistogram}, year={2015}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DensityHistogram.html}, note=[Accessed: 24-March-2023 ]}