ArrayPlot

ArrayPlot[array]

generates a plot in which the values in an array are shown in a discrete array of squares.

Details and Options

  • ArrayPlot[array] by default arranges successive rows of array down the page and successive columns across, just as a table or grid would normally be formatted. »
  • If array contains 0s and 1s, the 1s will appear as black squares and the 0s as white squares.
  • ArrayPlot by default generates grayscale output, in which zero values are shown white, and the maximum positive or negative value is shown black. »
  • With an explicit setting for PlotRange, ArrayPlot by default makes the minimum value white and the maximum black.
  • The values in array can be quantities with units associated with them.
  • The following special entries can be used: »
  • Nonebackground color
    color directivespecified color
  • If array is ragged, shorter rows are treated as padded on the right with background. »
  • ArrayPlot has the same options as Graphics, with the following additions and changes:
  • AspectRatio Automaticratio of height to width
    ClippingStyle Nonehow to show cells whose values are clipped
    ColorFunction Automatichow each cell should be colored
    ColorFunctionScaling Truewhether to scale the argument to ColorFunction
    ColorRules Automaticrules for determining colors from values
    DataRangeAllthe range of and values to assume
    DataReversed Falsewhether to reverse the order of rows
    Frame Automaticwhether to draw a frame around the plot
    FrameLabel Nonelabels for rows and columns
    FrameTicks Nonewhat ticks to include on the frame
    MaxPlotPoints Infinitythe maximum number of points to include
    Mesh Falsewhether to draw a mesh
    MeshStyle GrayLevel[GoldenRatio-1]the style to use for a mesh
    PlotLegends Nonelegends for datasets
    PlotRange Allthe range of values to plot
    PlotTheme $PlotThemeoverall theme for the plot
    TargetUnitsAutomaticunits to display in the plot
  • The rules given by ColorRules are applied to the value of each cell. The rules can involve patterns. »
  • If none of the rules in ColorRules apply, then ColorFunction is used to determine the color.
  • With the default setting ColorRules->Automatic, an explicit setting ColorFunction->f is used instead of ColorRules.
  • With ColorFunctionScaling->False, each value is supplied as the argument to any function given for ColorFunction. »
  • With ColorFunctionScaling->True, the values are scaled to lie between 0 and 1. »
  • If the color determined for a particular cell is None, the cell is rendered in the background color.
  • If no color is determined for a particular cell, the cell is rendered in a default dark red color.
  • With DataReversed->True, the order of rows is reversed, so that rows run from bottom to top, with the last row at the top.
  • With the setting FrameTicks->Automatic, ticks are placed at round integers, typically multiples of 5 or 10.
  • With the setting FrameTicks->All, ticks are also placed at the minimum and maximum and .
  • In explicit FrameTicks specifications, the tick coordinates are taken to refer to and .
  • With DataReversed->True, tick values decrease from top to bottom.
  • PlotRange->amax specifies that only those between 0 and amax should be shown. »
  • PlotRange->{amin,amax} specifies that between amin and amax should be shown.
  • PlotRange->{{imin,imax},{jmin,jmax}} shows only elements with and in the specified ranges. The top‐left element has , . With the default setting DataReversed->False, increases down the page; increases to the right.
  • PlotRange->{ispec,jspec,aspec} shows only elements in the specified ranges of , , and value. »
  • With the default setting for ColorFunction, PlotRange->{amin,amax} specifies that values from amin to amax should be shown with gray scales varying from white to black.
  • Possible settings for Mesh include:
  • Falsedo not draw any mesh lines
    Truedraw mesh lines between all cells
    Automaticdraw mesh lines around original cells only
    "Nonzero"draw mesh lines around nonzero cells
    {mi,mj}use mesh specifications for the i and j directions
  • With the default setting Frame->Automatic, a frame is drawn only when Mesh->False.
  • For purposes of combining with other graphics, the array element is taken to cover a unit square centered at coordinate position , .
  • A setting DataRange->{{xmin,xmax},{ymin,ymax}} specifies that the centers of successive cells should be at equally spaced positions between xmin and xmax in the horizontal direction, and ymin and ymax in the vertical direction. With the default setting DataReversed->False, is centered at {xmin,ymax}.
  • With the default setting DataRange->All and DataReversed->False, the array element will be taken to cover a unit square centered at coordinate position , .
  • ArrayPlot returns Graphics[Raster[data],opts].
  • ArrayPlot works with SparseArray objects. »

Examples

open allclose all

Basic Examples  (6)

Plot an array of numbers:

Give explicit color directives to specify colors for individual cells:

Specify overall color rules:

Include a mesh:

Plot a table of data:

Use a standard blend as a color function:

Scope  (7)

By default, absolute values go from white to black:

Unknown or symbolic values are shown dark red:

Plot data with units:

Specify explicit colors for each cell:

Plot a ragged array, padding on the right:

Cells with value None are rendered like the background:

Plot a sparse array:

Options  (96)

AspectRatio  (2)

Make all cells square:

Use a different aspect ratio:

Axes  (4)

By default, ArrayPlot uses a frame instead of axes:

Use axes instead of a frame:

Use AxesOrigin to specify where the axes intersect:

Turn each axis on individually:

AxesLabel  (3)

No axes labels are drawn by default:

Place a label on the axis:

Specify axes labels:

AxesOrigin  (2)

The position of the axes is determined automatically:

Specify an explicit origin for the axes:

AxesStyle  (4)

Change the style for the axes:

Specify the style of each axis:

Use different styles for the ticks and the axes:

Use different styles for the labels and the axes:

Background  (4)

Background is normally visible only around the edges:

The background "shows through" whenever an explicit entry is None:

Background also by default shows through for values outside the plot range:

ClippingStyle overrides background color:

ClippingStyle  (3)

The default is to show values outside the plot range in the background color:

Show values outside the plot range in red:

Show low values in blue and high values in red:

ColorFunction  (5)

Map values from 0 to 1 onto colors according to Hue:

Use a pure function as the color function:

Use a named color gradient from ColorData:

Show elements with value 1 as black and all others as white:

With ColorFunctionScaling->True, the values are first scaled to lie between 0 and 1:

ColorRules  (6)

Specify color rules for explicit values or patterns:

ColorFunction is used if no color rules apply:

The array can contain symbolic values:

Implement a "default color" by adding a rule for _:

Use any patterns in ColorRules:

Rules are used in the order given:

DataReversed  (4)

Reverse the order of rows:

The frame ticks give the original row numbers:

Reverse the order of rows and columns:

Reverse the order of columns:

Epilog  (3)

Use Epilog to superimpose other graphics:

The graphics can be translucent:

Epilog uses the standard Graphics coordinate system:

Frame  (4)

ArrayPlot uses a frame by default:

Use FrameFalse to turn off the frame:

Draw a frame on the left and right edges:

Draw a frame on the left and bottom edges:

FrameLabel  (3)

Place a label along the bottom frame of a plot:

Place labels on each of the edges in the frame:

Use a customized style for both labels and frame tick labels:

FrameStyle  (2)

Specify the style of the frame:

Specify style for each frame edge:

FrameTicks  (13)

Frame ticks are not included by default:

Use frame ticks on the bottom edge:

By default, none of the edges have either tick marks or tick labels:

Use automatic tick placements to include tick labels on all edges:

Use FrameTicksAll to include tick labels on all edges:

Place tick marks at specific positions:

Draw frame tick marks at the specified positions with specific labels:

Specify the lengths for tick marks as a fraction of the graphics size:

Use different sizes in the positive and negative directions for each tick mark:

Specify a style for each frame tick:

Construct a function that places frame ticks at the midpoint and extremes of the frame edge:

Frame ticks without a visible frame:

With a mesh included, Frame->True is required for frame ticks to be drawn:

Make the frame invisible:

FrameTicksStyle  (3)

By default, the frame ticks and frame tick labels use the same styles as the frame:

Specify an overall style for the ticks, including the labels:

Use a different style for the different frame edges:

GridLines  (3)

Draw grids across the plot:

Draw grid lines at specified positions:

Specify grid styles:

ImageSize  (7)

Use named sizes such as Tiny, Small, Medium and Large:

Specify the width of the plot:

Specify the height of the plot:

Allow the width and height to be up to a certain size:

Specify the width and height for a graphic, padding with space if necessary:

Setting AspectRatioFull will fill the available space:

Use maximum sizes for the width and height:

Use ImageSizeFull to fill the available space in an object:

Specify the image size as a fraction of the available space:

MaxPlotPoints  (1)

Use MaxPlotPoints to limit the number of elements explicitly plotted in each direction:

Mesh  (7)

Insert mesh lines between all cells:

Insert 15 row mesh lines and 5 column mesh lines:

Insert mesh lines around the first 10 columns:

Use a sequence of colors for the mesh lines:

Insert mesh lines after the first and second rows:

Use MeshAutomatic to draw mesh for the data in a ragged array:

Use Mesh"Nonzero" to draw mesh lines around nonzero cells:

MeshStyle  (2)

Default mesh style:

Make the mesh pink:

PlotLegends  (5)

No legend is used by default:

Generate a legend automatically:

PlotLegends automatically picks up ColorFunction:

Legend uses ColorRules as labels:

Use Placed to place legend outside the plot:

PlotRange  (5)

Plot all elements:

Plot only elements with values up to 3, leaving the rest white:

The first two entries in PlotRange specify the range of rows and columns to include:

With specific plot range {amin,amax}, the colors range from white at amin to black at amax:

Plot positive elements only:

PlotTheme  (1)

Use a theme with detailed ticks and a legend:

Move the legend below the plot:

Applications  (11)

Plot a two-color cellular automaton evolution:

Plot a three-color cellular automaton evolution:

Use colors rather than gray levels:

Plot the imaginary parts of a Vandermonde matrix for a discrete Fourier transform:

Plot the inverse of a matrix, shading according to absolute value:

Show positive entries as black and others as yellow:

Create a list of array plots:

Plot a table of values of five sine waves in random directions:

Plot image-processed data:

Plot a color map:

Use a special color for non-numeric data:

Digits of powers of 3 in base 2:

Plot a sparse matrix in black and white:

Properties & Relations  (8)

An empty array yields a blank picture:

Grid arranges elements the same way as ArrayPlot:

Raster arranges elements upside down and with colors reversed relative to ArrayPlot:

Make the array be shown the same way as in ArrayPlot:

Use ArrayPlot3D for 3D arrays of data:

Use MatrixPlot when entries have a big range and many different values:

Or for large sparse matrices:

Use ReliefPlot for medical and geographic data:

Use ListDensityPlot for structured or unstructured data sampled from continuous densities:

Use GraphPlot for visualizing adjacency matrices:

Possible Issues  (2)

ArrayPlot may not be able to distinguish between large numbers of different values:

Use MatrixPlot instead (or provide a custom ColorFunction):

Entries of very small relative absolute values may not be differentiable from zero:

MatrixPlot scales entries so that entries with small relative absolute values can still be seen:

Neat Examples  (2)

Plot the Sin function at integer points:

Interactively map GCD values onto colors using Hue:

Wolfram Research (2004), ArrayPlot, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html (updated 2021).

Text

Wolfram Research (2004), ArrayPlot, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html (updated 2021).

CMS

Wolfram Language. 2004. "ArrayPlot." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2021. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (2004). ArrayPlot. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2022_arrayplot, author="Wolfram Research", title="{ArrayPlot}", year="2021", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html}", note=[Accessed: 09-June-2023 ]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2022_arrayplot, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={ArrayPlot}, year={2021}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ArrayPlot.html}, note=[Accessed: 09-June-2023 ]}