DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform[data]
gives the discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) of an array of data.
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform[data,wave]
gives the discrete wavelet packet transform using the wavelet wave.
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform[data,wave,r]
gives the discrete wavelet packet transform using r levels of refinement.
Details and Options
- DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform gives a DiscreteWaveletData object.
- Properties of the DiscreteWaveletData dwd can be found using dwd["prop"], and a list of available properties can be found using dwd["Properties"].
- DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform is a generalization of DiscreteWaveletTransform where the full tree of wavelet coefficients is computed.
- The data can be any of the following:
-
list arbitrary-rank numerical array image arbitrary Image object audio an Audio or sampled Sound object - The resulting wavelet coefficients are arrays of the same depth as the input data.
- The possible wavelet wave include:
-
BattleLemarieWavelet[…] Battle–Lemarié wavelets based on B-spline BiorthogonalSplineWavelet[…] B-spline-based wavelet CoifletWavelet[…] symmetric variant of Daubechies wavelets DaubechiesWavelet[…] the Daubechies wavelets HaarWavelet[…] classic Haar wavelet MeyerWavelet[…] wavelet defined in the frequency domain ReverseBiorthogonalSplineWavelet[…] B-spline-based wavelet (reverse dual and primal) ShannonWavelet[…] sinc function-based wavelet SymletWavelet[…] least asymmetric orthogonal wavelet - The default wave is HaarWavelet[].
- With higher settings for the refinement level r, larger-scale features are resolved.
- The default refinement level r is given by , where is the minimum dimension of data.
- With refinement level Full, r is given by .
- The tree of wavelet coefficients at level consists of coarse coefficients and detail coefficients with representing the input data.
- The forward transform is given by , , , and .
- The inverse transform is given by .
- The are lowpass filter coefficients and are highpass filter coefficients that are defined for each wavelet family.
- The dimensions of and are given by where is the input data dimension and fl is the filter length for the corresponding wspec.
- The following options can be given:
-
Method Automatic method to use Padding "Periodic" how to extend data beyond boundaries WorkingPrecision MachinePrecision precision to use in internal computations - The settings for Padding are the same as available in ArrayPad.
- InverseWaveletTransform gives the inverse transform.
- By default, InverseWaveletTransform uses coefficients represented by dwd["BasisIndex"] for reconstruction. Use WaveletBestBasis to compute and set an optimal basis.
Examples
open allclose allBasic Examples (3)
Compute a wavelet packet transform:
The resulting DiscreteWaveletData represents a full tree of wavelet coefficients:
The inverse transform reconstructs the input:
Use dwd[…,"Audio"] to extract coefficient signals:
Compute the inverse transform:
Transform an Image object:
Scope (34)
Basic Uses (5)
Useful properties can be extracted from the DiscreteWaveletData object:
Get a full list of properties:
Get data and coefficient dimensions:
Use Normal to get all wavelet coefficients explicitly:
Also use All as an argument to get all coefficients:
Use Automatic to get only the coefficients used in the inverse transform:
Use the "TreeView" or "IndexMap" to find out what wavelet coefficients are available:
Extract specific coefficient arrays:
Extract several wavelet coefficients corresponding to a list of wavelet index specifications:
Extract all coefficients whose wavelet indexes match a pattern:
Use WaveletBestBasis to compute an optimal basis of wavelet packet coefficients:
Highlight the best basis in a block grid of all coefficients:
Extract the best basis using "BasisIndex":
The computed best basis is used by default in functions like WaveletListPlot:
Use a higher refinement level to increase the frequency resolution:
With a smaller refinement level, more of the signal energy is left in {0,0}:
With further refinement, {0,0} is resolved into further components:
Wavelet Families (10)
Compute the wavelet packet transform using different wavelet families:
Use different families of wavelets to capture different features:
HaarWavelet (default):
Vector Data (6)
Plot the coefficients over a common horizontal axis using WaveletListPlot:
Plot against a common vertical axis:
Visualize coefficients as a function of time and refinement level using WaveletScalogram:
The coefficient indexes appear as tooltips when the mouse pointer is moved over a coefficient:
WaveletScalogram of the best tree representation of the data:
All coefficients are small except coarse coefficients {0,0,…}:
Data oscillating at the highest resolvable frequency (Nyquist frequency):
Only the first detail coefficient {1} and its coarse child coefficients {1,0,0,…} are not small:
Data with large discontinuities:
Coarse coefficients {0,…} have the same large-scale structure as the data:
Detail coefficients are sensitive to discontinuities:
Data with both spatial and frequency structure:
Coarse coefficients {0,…} track the local mean of the data:
First detail coefficient {1} and its coarse child coefficients {1,0,…} represent the oscillations:
Matrix Data (5)
Compute a two-dimensional wavelet packet transform:
View the tree of wavelet coefficients:
Inverse transform to get back the original signal:
Use WaveletMatrixPlot to visualize the different wavelet coefficients:
WaveletMatrixPlot of best tree representation:
In two dimensions, the vector of filtering operations in each direction can be computed:
Interpreting these vectors as binary digit expansions results in wavelet index numbers:
Get the lowpass and highpass filters for a Haar wavelet:
The resulting 2D filters are outer products of filters in the two directions:
Wavelet transform of step data:
Data with a vertical discontinuity:
All horizontal and diagonal detail coefficients, wavelet index {___,2 3,___}, are zero:
Data with horizontal discontinuity:
All vertical and diagonal detail coefficients, wavelet index {___,1 3,___}, are zero:
Data with diagonal discontinuity:
All horizontal and vertical detail coefficients, wavelet index {___,1 2,___}, are zero:
Array Data (2)
Image Data (3)
Transform an Image object:
The inverse transform yields a reconstructed Image object:
Wavelet coefficients are normally given as lists of data for each image channel:
Get all coefficients as Image objects instead:
Get raw Image objects with no rescaling of color levels:
Get the inverse transform of the {0,1} coefficient as an Image object:
Compute a best tree of coefficients from a packet transform of image data:
Plot the best tree in a hierarchical grid using WaveletImagePlot:
Sound Data (3)
Transform a Sound object:
The inverse transform yields a reconstructed Sound object:
By default, coefficients are given as lists of data for each sound channel:
Get the {1,1} coefficient as a Sound object:
Inverse transform of {1,1} coefficient as a Sound object:
Compute a best tree of coefficients from a packet transform of sound data:
Browse the best tree coefficients using a MenuView:
Generalizations & Extensions (3)
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform works on arrays of symbolic quantities:
Inverse transform recovers the input exactly:
Options (5)
Padding (2)
WorkingPrecision (3)
By default, WorkingPrecision->MachinePrecision is used:
Use higher-precision computation:
With numbers close to zero, accuracy is the better indicator of the number of correct digits:
Use WorkingPrecision->∞ for exact computation:
Applications (3)
Best Tree Analysis (2)
The default reconstruction tree contains the coefficients at the maximum refinement level:
Choose a reconstruction tree with energy concentrated in a small number of coefficients:
Plot the best tree coefficients against a common vertical axis:
Visualize default reconstruction tree coefficients for image data:
Compute the reconstruction tree whose coefficients have the smallest total log energy:
Properties & Relations (11)
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform computes the full tree of wavelet coefficients:
DiscreteWaveletTransform computes a subset of the full tree of coefficients:
DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform coefficients halve in length with each level of refinement:
Rotated data gives different coefficients:
StationaryWaveletPacketTransform coefficients have the same length as the original data:
Rotated data gives rotated coefficients:
Multidimensional discrete wavelet transform is related to one-dimensional packet transform:
For Haar wavelet (default) and data length , the computed coefficients are identical:
The default refinement is given by Min[Round[Log2[Min[Dimensions[data]]]],4]:
The energy norm is conserved for orthogonal wavelet families:
The energy norm is approximately conserved for biorthogonal wavelet families:
The mean of the data is captured at the maximum refinement level of the transform:
Extract the coefficient for the maximum refinement level:
Compensate for the normalization at each refinement level:
The sum of inverse transforms from individual coefficient arrays gives the original data:
Individually inverse transform each wavelet coefficient array:
The sum gives the original data:
HaarWavelet corresponds to averaging (lowpass filter) and differencing (highpass filter):
Compute {0} and {1} wavelet coefficients:
Compare with DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform:
In two dimensions a separate filter is applied in each dimension:
Lowpass and highpass filters for Haar wavelet:
Haar wavelet transform of matrix data:
Compare with DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform using HaarWavelet:
Image channels are transformed individually:
Combine {0} coefficients of separately transformed image channels:
Compare with {0} coefficient of DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform of original image:
Text
Wolfram Research (2010), DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform.html (updated 2017).
CMS
Wolfram Language. 2010. "DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2017. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform.html.
APA
Wolfram Language. (2010). DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/DiscreteWaveletPacketTransform.html